炮制辅料芝麻的历史沿革及研究进展  

Historical Evolution and Research Progress of Processing Adjuvant Sesame

作　　者：曹琰[1] 颜晓静[1] 承卡 黄玮[1] 刘产明[1] 朱月琴 Cao Yan;Yan Xiaojing;Cheng Ka;Huang Wei;Liu Chanming;Zhu Yueqin(Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research&Transformation of Menghe Medical School,Changzhou 213003,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学常州附属医院常州市孟河医派人用经验研究与转化重点实验室,江苏常州213003

出　　处：《亚太传统医药》2024年第3期242-246,共5页Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82074016);国家中医药管理局项目——孟河医派中药饮片特色炮制技术传承基地建设;常州市科技计划项目(CM20223006,CJ20219007,CJ20219008);江苏省科协青年科技人才托举工程(2021-098)。

摘　　要：芝麻制法是中药特色炮制方法之一,但目前国内对芝麻作为炮制辅料的研究较少。梳理自汉代以来有关芝麻功效和炮制方法的记载,并对芝麻参与补骨脂、苍术、枸杞子等中药的炮制进行了整理总结。经文献考证,古代芝麻炮制方法种类较多,至现代则极大简化,《中华人民共和国药典》和各地炮制规范均只收录“生用”或“炒制”法。作为炮制辅料,芝麻制法包括芝麻焙、芝麻炒和芝麻拌蒸3种。芝麻制对饮片的作用可概括为以下两点:一是缓和药性,降低毒副作用,如补骨脂、苍术等;二是增强补肝肾作用,如枸杞子、桑叶。现代对于芝麻及芝麻制法的研究主要集中于炮制前后化学成分的变化和芝麻不同炮制品对药理作用的影响,但芝麻作为辅料在炮制中发挥作用的机理尚不明确。通过研究相关文献,以期为炮制辅料芝麻的后续研究提供参考。Processing of Chinese medicine with Sesame is one of the characteristic processing techniques.However,there have been few studies on Sesame as a processing adjuvant.To review the records on the efficacy and processing techniques of Sesame since the Han Dynasty,and summarized the participation of Sesame in the processing of Chinese medicine such as Atractylodis Rhizoma,Psoraleae Fructus and Lycii Fructus.According to the records in literature,there were many kinds of Sesame processing methods in ancient times.However,in modern times,the methods were greatly simplified.Only“raw”or“stir-fried”methods were recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the processing specifications.As a processing adjuvant,the preparation technology of Sesame included roasting,frying,and steaming with Sesame.The effects of this processing technique could be summarized as the following two aspects:(1)reducing drastic properties and side effects,such as Psoraleae Fructus and Atractylodis Rhizoma;(2)promoting the effect of nourishing liver and kidney,such as Lycii Fructus and Mori Folium.At present,the research on Sesame and the processing technique mainly focused on the chemical composition changes before and after processing,the effects of different processed products of Sesame on pharmacological action.but the mechanism of Sesame in processing was not clear.The relevant literature was studied to provide a reference for further research on Sesame used in Chinese medicine processing.

关 键 词：芝麻 炮制辅料 历史沿革 研究进展 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]