山东省招远市8~10岁儿童和孕妇碘营养状况调查  

Iodine nutritional status of children aged 8-10 and pregnant women in Zhaoyuan City of Shandong Province

作　　者：李桂刚[1] 李玮[1] 李悦 秦玉君[3] 王璐 Li Guigang;Li Wei;Li Yue;Qin Yujun;Wang Lu(Department of Chronic and Endemic Diseases,Zhaoyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhaoyuan 265400,China;Department for Endemic and Parasitic Diseases Prevention,Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai 264003,China;Department of Research Management and Education,Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省招远市疾病预防控制中心慢性病与地方病防制科,招远265400 [2]山东省烟台市疾病预防控制中心地方病寄生虫病防制科,烟台264003 [3]山东省烟台市疾病预防控制中心科研教育科,烟台264003

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2023年第12期951-956,共6页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：烟台市科技计划项目(2022YD133)。

摘　　要：目的了解山东省招远市8~10岁儿童和孕妇碘营养状况,为今后碘缺乏病防治工作提供依据。方法2008、2021年,采用普查的方法采集招远市全部724个村(居委会)饮用水水样;2018、2022年,采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法调查居民日人均食用盐摄入量;2017-2022年,采用多阶段随机抽样方法采集8~10岁儿童、孕妇家庭食用盐盐样及尿样,其中2017、2019、2020、2022年对抽取的儿童进行甲状腺容积检查,2019-2022年对抽取的孕妇进行补碘情况调查。水碘含量测定采用过硫酸铵消化-砷铈催化分光光度测定方法;碘酸钾盐碘含量测定采用《制盐工业通用试验方法碘的测定》(GB/T 13025.7-2012)中直接滴定法,其他强化碘盐、不合格碘盐以及无碘盐采用氧化还原滴定法进行复测;尿碘含量测定采用《尿中碘的测定第1部分:砷铈催化分光光度法》(WS/T 107.1-2016);使用DP-2200Plus全数字便携式超声仪和75L38EB超声探头对儿童甲状腺进行检查并计算肿大率。结果2008、2021年招远市水碘中位数分别为5.71、1.30μg/L;2018、2022年居民日人均食用盐摄入量分别为9.36、7.83 g,推算2018年人均碘摄入量为(180.64±71.00)μg/d,2022年为(124.25±72.23)μg/d。2017-2022年,儿童和孕妇家庭合格碘盐食用率均<90%;2018-2022年,碘盐覆盖率均<95%。儿童尿碘中位数为184.00μg/L,处于适宜水平,不同年份儿童尿碘含量比较差异有统计学意义(H=77.39,P<0.001);2017-2022年,孕妇尿碘中位数均处于100~150μg/L,不同年份孕妇尿碘含量比较差异无统计学意义(H=5.33,P=0.208)。2017、2019、2020、2022年儿童甲状腺肿大率为3.00%(24/800),不同年份儿童甲状腺肿大率比较差异无统计学意义(P=1.000)。共抽取400名孕妇调查补碘情况,补碘率为90.50%(362/400)。结论招远市已达到碘缺乏病消除标准,但部分孕妇存在碘缺乏风险;需持续监测和关注孕妇碘营养状况。Objective To learn about the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8-10 and pregnant women in Zhaoyuan City of Shandong Province,and to provide a basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders in the future.Methods In 2008 and 2021,a census method was used to collect drinking water samples from all 724 villages(neighbourhood committee)in Zhaoyuan City.In 2018 and 2022,a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the daily per capita salt intake of residents.From 2017 to 2022,multi-stage random sampling method was used to collect household salt and urine samples from children aged 8-10 and pregnant women.Among them,thyroid volume tests were conducted on the sampled children in 2017,2019,2020 and 2022,and iodine supplementation surveys were conducted on the sampled pregnant women in 2019-2022.The iodine content in water was determined by As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry using ammonium persulfate digestion.The iodine content in potassium iodate salt was determined by direct titration method in"General Test Method in Salt Industry-Determination of Iodine"(GB/T 13025.7-2012).And other fortified iodized salt,unqualified iodized salt and non-iodized salt were retested using the redox titration method.Urinary iodine was determined by"Determination of iodine in urine-Part 1:As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry"(WS/T 107.1-2016).The children's thyroid gland was examined by using DP-2200Plus fully digital portable ultrasound instrument and 75L38EB ultrasound probe,and the goiter rate was calculated.Results The median water iodine levels in Zhaoyuan City in 2008 and 2021 were 5.71 and 1.30μg/L,respectively.The daily per capita salt intake of residents in 2018 and 2022 was 9.36 and 7.83 g,respectively.It is estimated that the per capita iodine intake in 2018 was(180.64±71.00)μg/d and in 2022 was(124.25±72.23)μg/d.From 2017 to 2022,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in both children and pregnant women was less than 90%;and from 2018 to 2022,the coverage rate of

关 键 词：儿童 孕妇 碘营养状况 甲状腺肿大率 

分 类 号：R153[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]