清末民初学生团体的成长机制与合法化探微  

Exploring the Growth Mechanism and Legalization of Student Groups in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

作　　者：董柏林[1] DONG Bolin

机构地区：[1]铜陵学院,安徽铜陵244061

出　　处：《煤炭高等教育》2023年第5期72-79,共8页Meitan Higher Education

基　　金：2023年度安徽省高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目“大学软法治理的逻辑向度与实践进路研究”(2023AH051648);2021年铜陵学院人才科研启动基金项目“中国近代大学学生自治会的历史演进研究”(2021tlxyrc12)。

摘　　要：伴随着新式学堂的兴起和近代大学的建立,摆脱科举制度束缚的学生团体逐渐成长起来。民族危亡之际,受到民主思想激荡和自治理念渗透的学生团体肩负起启蒙与救亡的双重使命。为防止学生思想激化,清政府严令禁止学生立会结社与参与党会,导致早期的学生自治团体缺乏合法身份。进入民国后,在培养新型“国民”、教育法令的授权、学生自身的争取以及民主管理的倡导等因素的推动下,学生团体得以合法化。清末民初学生团体的形成及其合法化有力地促进了学生自治的发展、大学治理结构的完善以及中国政治现代性的成长,其历史演进不仅是一种教育民主化的表现,而且对近代中国政治的走向也产生了重要影响。With the rise of new schools and the establishment of modern universities,the student groups that broke away from the bondage of the imperial examination system gradually grew up.When the nation was in danger,the student groups,inspired by the idea of democracy and the idea of autonomy,shouldered the dual missions of enlightenment and salvation.In order to prevent students from radi⁃calization,the Qing government strictly prohibited students from forming associations and participating in party meetings,resulting in the lack of legal identity of the early student self-governing groups.After entering the Republic of China,student groups were legalized under the impetus of cultivating a new type of"national citizen",the authorization of education laws,the struggle of students themselves and the advocacy of democratic management.The formation and legalization of student groups in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China effectively promoted the development of student au⁃tonomy,the perfection of university governance structure and the growth of Chinese political modernity.Its historical evolution was not only a manifestation of educational democratization,but also had an important impact on the trend of modern Chinese politics.

关 键 词：清末民初 学生团体 成长机制 合法化 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]