基于时序InSAR的山西大同煤田地表沉降监测及时空演化分析  

Land subsidence monitoring and spatiotemporal evolution characteristics analysis of Datong coalfield,Shanxi Province based on time series InSAR

作　　者：仝云霄 杨俊泉 王雪[3,4] 谭琨 TONG Yunxiao;YANG Junquan;WANG Xue;TAN Kun(Tianjin Centre,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;North China Center for Geoscience Innovation,Tianjin 300170,China;School of Geographic Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science(Ministry of Education),East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津300170 [2]华北地质科技创新中心,天津300170 [3]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241 [4]华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《中国地质》2024年第1期170-183,共14页Geology in China

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20211388)资助。

摘　　要：[研究目的]地表沉降作为煤矿区主要地质灾害之一,严重影响矿区经济的可持续发展和居民生活的安全稳定,有必要对矿区地表沉降进行快速高效监测。[研究方法]以大同煤田为例,研究使用2020年1月至2021年12月共31景Sentinel-1影像,基于短基线集干涉测量技术(Small Baseline Subset InSAR,SBAS-InSAR)对地表沉降进行监测,获取大同煤田地表沉降速率和累计沉降结果,使用已有研究成果对监测结果的可靠性进行验证,并分析了沉降时空变化特征及演化规律。[研究结果]大同煤田地表沉降分布较广,沉降总体分布趋势与大同煤田矿业管理数据的走向基本一致。沉降主要分布在大同市南郊区西部以及大同市、怀仁市和山阴县交界处,其中塔山矿地表沉降最为严重,大同煤田最大沉降速率为168.03 mm/a,最大累计沉降量为329.12 mm,总沉降面积为270.95 km^(2),且沉降呈现持续增加的趋势,根据沉降趋势推断需要较长时间才能实现地表活动相对稳定。[结论]研究表明了InSAR技术在煤矿区沉降监测的可行性,可为矿产资源管理工作提供新的技术方法,研究结果可为煤矿区沉降监测预警、灾害防控及资源合理开发利用提供科学依据。[Objective]Land subsidence is one of the main geological hazards in coal mine area,which seriously affects the sustainable development of mining economy and the safety and stability of residents'life.It is necessary to conduct rapid and efficient monitoring of land subsidence in the mining area.[Methods]Taking Datong coalfield as an example,the 31 scenes Sentinel-1 images acquired from January 2020 to December 2021 were used to monitor the land subsidence based on Small Baseline Subset InSAR(SBAS-InSAR)technology.The land subsidence rate and cumulative subsidence results of Datong coalfield were obtained.Moreover,the reliability of the monitoring results was verified using existing research results,and the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and evolution laws of subsidence were analyzed.[Results]The results indicate that the land subsidence in the Datong coalfield is extensively distributed,and its overall distribution of subsidence is basically consistent with the trend of mining management data.The subsidence is mainly distributed in the west of Nanjiao County of Datong City and the junction of Datong City,Huairen City and Shanyin County,among which the land subsidence of Tashan mine is the most severe.The subsidence characteristics of Datong coalfield mainly include the maximum subsidence rate of 168.03 mm/a,the maximum cumulative subsidence amount of 329.12 mm,and the total subsidence area of 270.95 km^(2).Overall,there is a continuous increase in subsidence,and it takes a significant amount of time to achieve relative stability in surface activities in accordance with this trend.[Conclusions]This study shows the feasibility of InSAR technology in subsidence monitoring in coal mine area,which can provide a new technical for mineral resources management work,and the research results can provide scientific basis for subsidence monitoring and warning,disaster prevention and control,and rational development and utilization of resources in coal mine area.

关 键 词：大同煤田 SBAS-InSAR 矿区沉降 地表形变监测 时空演化 环境地质调查工程 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] P642.26[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]