咪鲜胺对沃柑早采果贮藏品质的聚类分析  

Cluster Analysis of Prochloraz on the Storage Quality of Early-picked Orah

作　　者：李宏祥 陈俐 欧阳艳 李建仁 陈为峰 胡建琴 王春发 刘冬洋 LI Hongxiang;CHEN Li;OUYANG Yan;LI Jianren;CHEN Weifeng;HU Jianqin;WANG Chunfa;LIU Dongyang(Hengyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hengyang Branch,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hengyang,Hunan 421101,China;Hengyang Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;Hunan Horticultural Re-search Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Jiangxi Fuzhou Institute of Agricul-tural Sciences,Fuzhou,Jiangxi 344100,China;Hunan Longfeng Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Hengyang,Hunan 421303,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳市农业科学院/湖南省农业科学院衡阳分院,湖南衡阳421101 [2]衡阳市农业农村局,湖南衡阳421001 [3]湖南省农业科学院园艺研究所,湖南长沙410125 [4]江西省抚州市农业科学研究所,江西抚州344100 [5]湖南省龙凤农业开发股份有限公司,湖南衡阳421303

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第2期405-414,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：湖南省现代农业产业技术水果产业体系岗位经费项目(湘农发[2019]105号);衡阳市农业科学院自主创新项目(No.2022ZZ12)。

摘　　要：为了探索沃柑果实免遭霜冻害的方法,以2021—2022年提早采收的沃柑为材料,在室温贮藏条件下,采用咪鲜胺处理,以清水为对照(CK),测定各处理在贮藏期的糖、酸、维生素C等品质指标,以及失重率、腐烂率、电导率等耐贮性指标,并利用SPSS分析软件对2 a的7个指标进行聚类分析。结果表明:咪鲜胺能有效抑制沃柑贮藏期腐烂病菌的生长,延迟果实腐烂发生的时间;同时果实可溶性固形物含量能够维持在采前水平。在150 d贮藏期内,可滴定酸含量整体上随贮藏时间的延长逐渐下降,咪鲜胺处理的可滴定酸含量下降速度较CK快,因此,咪鲜胺处理的固酸比高于CK。固酸比随贮藏时间的延长而提高,风味物质含量也逐渐提升。在贮藏期间,咪鲜胺处理与CK的维生素C含量无显著差异,到贮藏150 d时,2021年的维生素C含量约20.90 mg/100 g,2022年约14.50 mg/100 g。在果实耐贮性方面,2022年咪鲜胺处理的失重率略低于CK,而2021年显著低于CK;2021年咪鲜胺处理的果皮电导率显著高于CK。通过聚类分析,将2 a的7个指标聚为2类,第一类为0、15、30、45、60、90 d的CK和0、15、30、45、60、90 d的咪鲜胺处理;第二类为120、150 d的CK和90、120、150 d的咪鲜胺处理。综上,咪鲜胺处理能有效降低沃柑腐烂率的发生,并能提高早采果的果实风味,同时也能维持果实较好的可溶性固形物、维生素C含量等。综合各项指标和聚类分析结果认为,沃柑可进行提早采收,经咪鲜胺等保鲜剂处理后,可在室温条件下贮藏60 d或60 d后进行低温冷藏,或室温贮藏90 d后出库上市。In order to explore a method to protect orah from frost damage,orah harvested early from 2021—2022 were used as the materials,and prochloraz+ambient temperature storage and CK+ambient temperature storage were used to determine the sugar,acid,vitamin C and other quality indicators,as well as the weight loss,decay,electrical conductiv-ity and other storage resistance indicators during the storage period.SPSS analysis software was used to cluster seven indicators in two years.The results showed that prochloraz could effectively inhibit the growth of the rot pathogen of citrus during storage,and prolong the occurrence time of fruit rot;At the same time,it could maintain the content of soluble solids in fruits to the level before harvest.During the 150 d storage period,the titratable acid content of the two treatments decreased gradually with the extension of storage time.The titratable acid content in prochloraz treatment group decreased faster than that in CK.Therefore,the solid acid ratio of prochloraz treatment group was higher than that of CK.As the solid acid ratio increased with the increase of storage time,the flavor quality of the two treatments also gradually improved.During the storage period,there was no significant difference in vitamin C content between the two;At 150 days of storage,it could still be maintained at about 20.90 mg/100 g(2021)and 14.50 mg/100 g(2022).In terms of fruit storage resistance,the weight loss rate of prochloraz treatment group was slightly lower than that of the CK in 2022(prochloraz was significantly lower than that of the CK in 2021);On the contrary,the peel conductivity of pro-chloraz treatment group was higher than that of the CK in 2022(in 2021,prochloraz treatment was significantly higher than that of the CK).The seven indexes of the two treatments in two years were clustered into two categories by the cluster analysis.The first category were CK of 0 d,15 d,30 d,45 d,60 d,90 d and prochloraz treatments of 0 d,15 d,30 d,45 d,60 d;The second category were CK of 120 d,150 d

关 键 词：沃柑 咪鲜胺 早采果 贮藏品质 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]