低周疲劳的结构应变法在铁路货车上的工程应用  

Engineering application of structural strain method of low cycle fatigue in railway freight carbody

作　　者：邵文东 赵尚超 李强[1] 裴宪军 马巧艳 李向伟 SHAO Wendong;ZHAO Shangchao;LI Qiang;PEI Xianjun;MA Qiaoyan;LI Xiangwei(Beijing Jiaotong University,School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing 100044,China;CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Qiqihar,161000,China;Southeast University,Nanjing,211189,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044 [2]中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司,齐齐哈尔161002 [3]东南大学机械工程学院,南京211189

出　　处：《焊接学报》2024年第2期113-120,I0009,I0010,共10页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：中车原创技术十年培育专项“车辆轨道耦合系统模态匹配研究”(项目编号2022CYY007)。

摘　　要：为了开展铁路货车车体焊接结构的低周疲劳寿命预测,详细推导了理想弹塑性结构应变计算理论,基于计算理论进行了程序设计,并通过焊接接头试验进行了验证.进一步开展了平面应变焊接接头模型的仿真计算结果和结构应变法计算结果的对比,探讨结构应变法的使用条件.最后,将虚拟台架与结构应力变结合开展了快捷货车的低周疲劳寿命分析的工程应用.结果表明:提出的低周疲劳的结构应变方法及其计算程序,当结构应力与屈服强度的差值在150 MPa以内时,理想弹塑性结构应变计算结果与实际结果一致,能够解决铁路货车低周疲劳寿命预测问题;当结构应力与屈服强度差值超过150 MPa后,随着结构应力的增加,误差也增加.该文的研究为低周疲劳的结构应变法工程推广应用提供了良好的技术支撑.In order to solve the problem of low cycle fatigue life prediction of welded structure of railway freight car body,firstly,the structural strain calculation theory of low cycle fatigue under different yield states is derived,and the program is designed based on the calculation theory.and the theoretical verification is completed through the welded joint test.Secondly,in order to further illustrate the applicability of structural strain method calculation theory of low cycle fatigue,the plane strain finite element model and structural strain theory are compared;finally,the engineering application of low cycle fatigue life analysis of express freight car is carried out by combining virtual bench with structural stress strain.The results show that the structural strain method and program based on low cycle fatigue can solve the problem of low cycle fatigue of railway freight cars when the stress of welded structure is higher than the yield strength 150 MPa,and the result of plane strain model is consistent with that of structural strain theory,but after exceeding the yield strength 150 MPa,the error increases with the increase of structural stress.The research in this paper provides a good technical support for the popularization and application of structural strain method in low cycle fatigue.

关 键 词：铁路货车 低周疲劳 结构应变法 虚拟试验台 

分 类 号：TG407[金属学及工艺—焊接]