16个新选玉米自交系主要性状配合力及应用潜力分析  

Analysis of Main Traits Combining Ability and Application Potential of 16 Maize Inbred Lines

作　　者：连晓荣[1] 周文期 杨彦忠[1] 王晓娟[1] 刘忠祥[1] 寇思荣[1] 何海军[1] 周玉乾[1] Lian Xiaorong;Zhou Wenqi;Yang Yanzhong;Wang Xiaojuan;Liu Zhongxiang;Kou Sirong;He Haijun;Zhou Yuqian(Institute of Crop Sciences,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第5期1521-1531,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160490,31860382);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2020-RC-140);甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项(2020GAAS06)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了科学合理利用优异种质资源、指导玉米育种工作,本研究以16个新选育自交系为被测系、5个骨干自交系为测验种,通过NCⅡ不完全双列杂交试验,分析主要农艺性状的配合力及遗传参数,并对新选育自交系的潜在利用价值进行评价。结果表明,新选育自交系17Q372和17Q253可以提高杂交组合产量,1618和17Q619能使杂交组合株高和穗位高降低,17Q372和17Q116能提高杂交种的出籽率,17Q260-3和17Q253有助于提高籽粒长度;组合1628ב郑58’在穗长、行粒数、出籽率上SCA效应值最大,具有高产潜力;通过对21个自交系的11个性状进行遗传参数分析,得出在育种工作中株高、穗位高、雄穗分枝数、秃尖长、穗行数和出籽率等6个性状宜进行早代选择,穗长、行粒数和单株产量等3个性状宜进行晚代选择。以80个杂交组合的SCA效应值为依据,1628、M1002、1618、Q508、17Q402、17Q416及17Q253等7个自交系可初步划分为SS类群,1503、17Q862、F2222、17Q116、17Q372及17Q305等6个自交系划分为NSS类群。研究结果将为进一步利用这些新选育自交系开展种质改良及品种选育提供重要理论参考。In order to scientifically and rationally utilize excellent germplasm resources and guide maize breeding,16 female inbred lines and 5 male standard testers were tested in this study.The combining ability and genetic parameters of main agronomic traits were analyzed through NCⅡdesign experiment,and the potential utilization value of newly selected inbred lines was evaluated.The results show that 17Q372 and 17Q253 can increase the yield of hybrid combination,1618 and 17Q619 can reduce the plant height and ear height,17Q372 and 17Q116 can increase the seed yield,and 17Q260-3 and 17Q253 can increase the grain length,these inbred lines can be further used in maize breeding process.1628×'Zheng58',with the largest SCA effect value in ear length,number of rows and kernel ratio,has high yield potential.The genetic parameters of 11 traits in 21 inbred lines were analyzed,six traits such as plant height,ear height,tassel branch number,barren ear tip length,ears rows and kernel ratio should be selected for early generation,while three traits such as ear length,kernels per row and yield per plant should be selected for late generation.Based on the SCA effect values of 80 hybrids,seven inbred lines 1628,M1002,1618,Q508,17Q402,17Q416 and 17Q253 can be preliminarily divided into SS group,and 6 inbred lines 1503,17Q862,F2222,17Q116,17Q372 and 17Q305 can be divided into NSS group.The results will provide important theoretical references for further use of these newly selected lines to carry out germplasm improvement and breeding.

关 键 词：玉米(Zea mays L.) 配合力 遗传参数 优势分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]