2020-2022年深圳地区柯萨奇病毒A6的流行病学与分子特征分析  

Epidemiology and Molecular Characterization of Coxsackievirus A6 in Shenzhen,China,2020⁃2022

作　　者：黄小丽 陈龙[2] 姚相杰[2] 孟君[2] 周莎 刘婉秋 张玉萍 何雅青[1,2] 胡贵方[1] HUANG Xiaoli;CHEN Long;YAO Xiangjie;MENG Jun;ZHOU Sha;LIU Wanqiu;ZHANG Yuping;HE Yaqing;HU Guifang(School of Public Health,Southen Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;Microbiology Laboratory,Shenzhen Center for Diseases Contorl and Prevention,Shenzhen 518055,China;Health Care Department,Shenzhen Health Care Commission Office,Shenzhen 518020,China;School of Public Health,University of Nanhua,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广州510515 [2]深圳市疾病预防控制中心病原微生物检测所,深圳518055 [3]深圳市保健委员会办公室保健保障科,深圳518020 [4]南华大学公共卫生学院,衡阳421001

出　　处：《病毒学报》2024年第1期106-114,共9页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：“十三五”国家科技重大专项(项目号:2018ZX10713001),题目:艾滋病和和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治。

摘　　要：了解COVID-19流行期间(2020-2022年)深圳地区手足口病(Hand,food and mouth disease,HFMD)优势病原体柯萨奇病毒A6(Coxackieviurs A6, CVA6)的流行情况以及其VP1区的分子特征,为有效预防HFMD提供科学依据。2020-2022年深圳市疾病预防控制中心收集手足口病哨点监测病例样本共1 733份。采用实时荧光RT-PCR方法对标本进行肠道病毒核酸检测。随机挑选分布于不同月份经RT-PCR判定为CVA6阳性的样本共108例进行VP1全长基因序列扩增和测序。使用生物信息学软件对CVA6进行分子系统发育与氨基酸变异分析。1 733份手足口病病例标本中,检出EV阳性1 627份,总检出率为94.65%(1627/1733);检出CVA6阳性1 042份,CVA6检出率为60.13%(1 042/1 733)。2020-2022年各年度HFMD主要病原体均为CVA6,各年的检出率分别为84.62%(341/403)、46.70%(382/818)和62.30%(319/512)。基于VP1序列的分子系统发育分析表明,2020-2022深圳地区测定的77株CVA6毒株均属于D3a基因型,但处在两个明显不同的进化分支,两个不同进化分支的CVA6毒株之间存在L15P和V173I两个氨基酸差异位点。77株CVA6毒株之间,核苷酸相似性和氨基酸相似性分别为91.8%~100%和97.2%~100%,其VP1氨基酸序列出现了19个(7.20%, 19/264)氨基酸多态位点。CVA6是2020-2022年深圳市引起HFMD的主要病原体,在2020年是绝对优势型别。深圳地区流行的CVA6仍然是我国内地地区主流基因亚型D3a,但是表现出了一定的遗传多样性。This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of coxsackievirus A6(CVA6)associated with hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Shenzhen,China during the epidemic period of COVID‐19(2020‐2022)in order to provide scientific basis for effective prevention of HFMD.A total of 1733 clinical specimens from the sentinel surveillance system for HFMD were collected between 2020 and 2022 and reposited at Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention.A real‐time RT‐PCR method was used to detect enterovirus RNA.A total of 108 CVA6‐positive samples distributed in different months were randomly selected for VP1 full‐length gene amplification and sequencing.Bioinformatics softwares were used to analyze the molecular phylogeny and amino acid variation of CVA6.Of the 1733 samples,1627 were EV positive(94.65%,1627/1733);1042 were CVA6 positive(60.13%,1042/1733).From 2020 to 2022,the main pathogen of HFMD was CVA6,and the detection rates were 88.34%(341/386),49.93%(382/765)and 67.02%(319/476),respectively.The 77 CVA6 strains determined in this study shared 91.8%‐100%nucleotide similarity and 97.2%‐100%amino acid similarity.Nineteen(7.20%,19/264)amino acid polymorphism sites were found among the 77 VP1 sequences.Phylogenetic analysis based on VP1 sequence showed that 77 CVA6 strains from this study belonged to D3a genotype,but clustered in the two distinct clades.The two amino acid difference sites(L15P and V173I)were observed between these two clades.CVA6 was the major pathogen causing HFMD in Shenzhen,China from 2020 to 2022,and it was predominant type in 2020.CVA6 circulating in Shenzhen,China belonged to the prevalent sub‐genotype D3a,and exhibited a certain degree of genetic diversity.

关 键 词：HFMD CVA6 VP1基因 分子流行病学 

分 类 号：R183.4[医药卫生—流行病学]