刮板输送机技术发展历程(一)——国外技术  

The development history of scraper conveyor technology(Part one):foreign technology

作　　者：葛世荣[1] 王俊涛 宋智丽 GE Shirong;WANG Juntao;SONG Zhili(School of Mechanical Electrical&Information Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Haidian,Beijing 100083,China;China Coal Zhangjiakou Coal Mining Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075100,China;CCTEG Ningxia Tiandi Benniu Industrial Group Co.,Ltd.,Shizuishan,Ningxia 753000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学〈北京〉机电与信息工程学院,北京市海淀区100083 [2]中煤张家口煤矿机械有限责任公司,河北省张家口市075100 [3]宁夏天地奔牛实业集团有限公司,宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市753000

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2024年第2期1-12,共12页China Coal

摘　　要：刮板输送机是井下采煤工作面的“脊梁”装备,它经历了6次技术变革,持续推动采煤工艺变革及生产效率持续提升。刮板输送机第1次技术变革发生于1900-1940年,诞生了可拆卸刮板输送机,煤矿开启半机械化开采时代;第2次技术变革产生于1940-1950年,创制了可弯曲刮板输送机,煤矿进入机械化开采时代;第3次技术变革形成于1950-1985年,创设了可自移刮板输送机,煤矿跨入综合机械化开采时代;第4次技术变革出现在1985-2000年,已发展成为重型化刮板输送机,煤矿走向高产高效综采时代;第5次技术变革形成于2000-2010年,研发出自动化刮板输送机,煤矿迈向数字化综采时代;第6次技术变革始于2010年,创新推出智能化刮板输送机,煤矿开启少人化智采时代。英国和德国为刮板输送机初创做出巨大贡献,研制出多种早期的刮板输送机机型。苏联对刮板输送机的系列化,以及对机械化采煤机的配套起到重要的创新推动作用。在此基础上,1954年,英国把安德顿滚筒采煤机与垛式支架、可弯曲刮板输送机组合为综合机械化采煤机组,建成世界上第一个综采工作面。21世纪以来,世界煤炭开采的重心逐步转向我国,国外刮板输送机研发与制造影响力逐年衰减,我国逐渐成为刮板输送机的制造强国。Scraper conveyor is the"backbone"equipment of underground coal mining working face,which has experienced 6 technological changes,and promoted the upgradation of coal mining technology and greatly improved production efficiency.The first technological upgradation occurred from 1900 to 1940,the birth of the removable scraper conveyor drove coal mines to enter the era of semi-mechanized mining;the second technological upgradation came from 1940 to 1950,when the flexible scraper conveyor was created and the coal mine entered the era of mechanized mining;the third technological upgradation was formed from 1950 to 1985,the creation of self-moving scraper conveyor put coal mines into the era of fully mechanized mining;the fourth technological upgradation appeared in 1985 to 2000,the development of heavy scraper conveyor forwarded the era of high-yield and high-efficiency fully mechanized mining;the fifth technological upgradation was formed from 2000 to 2010,the development of automated scraper conveyor made the coal mines towards the era of digital fully mechanized mining;the sixth technological upgradation began in 2010,innovative intelligent scraper conveyor opened the era of intelligent mining with few people.The United Kingdom and Germany had made great contributions to the start-up of the scraper conveyor,and developed a variety of early scraper conveyors.The Soviet Union played an important innovative role in the serialization of scraper conveyors and their matching with mechanized shearer.On this basis,the United Kingdom combined Anderton drum shearer with pile-type supports and flexible scraper conveyor into a fully mechanized coal mining unit in 1954,creating the world's first fully mechanized mining face.Since the beginning of 21st century,the center of world's coal mining has gradually shifted to China,and the research and manufacturing influence of foreign scraper conveyor has been declining year by year,and China has gradually become a manufacturing powerhouse for scraper conveyors.

关 键 词：刮板输送机 采煤工作面 机械化采煤 煤矿智能化 技术发展史 

分 类 号：TD528[矿业工程—矿山机电]