芸豆普通细菌性疫病绿色防控措施建立  

Green Control Measures for Bacterial Blight in Common Beans

作　　者：吴贵生 董爱书 杜吉到[1] 赵强 WU Guisheng;DONG Aishu;DU Jidao;ZHAO Qiang(College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/National Coarse Cereals Engineering Technology Research Center,Daqing 163319,China;Nenjiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Nenjiang 161400,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院/国家杂粮工程技术研究中心,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]嫩江市农业技术推广中心,黑龙江嫩江161400

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第3期23-29,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划(GA21B009-04)。

摘　　要：为筛选出一种简便、成本低且环保的方法提高芸豆普通细菌性疫病防治效果,提高籽粒产量和品质,以芸豆品种垦芸15为试验材料,采取裂区试验设计,主因素为种植密度(M),副因素为防控次数(T),在芸豆花期喷施混合杀菌剂(丙环唑乳油20 g·L^(-1)+35%喹啉铜40 g·L^(-1)+四霉素悬浮剂40 g·L^(-1)+30%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂30 g·L^(-1)+30%苯甲20 g·L^(-1))处理,通过调查病情指数、防治效果、产量、株高等指标,明确不同种植密度下绿色防控措施对芸豆普通细菌性疫病的防治效果。结果表明,在不进行防控措施时,芸豆普通细菌性疫病的发病指数随种植密度的增加而升高。不同种植密度下,芸豆普通细菌性疫病的发病率随防控次数的增加而显著下降,各种植密度下均以T3处理下的防效最高,其中M1T3、M2T3和M3T3的防效分别达到75.05%、73.97%和84.11%。同时,各种植密度下,与不防控相比较,T3处理下芸豆产量的上升幅度分别达到11.52%、9.03%和8.68%。通过比较效益分析,建议在芸豆低种植密度时进行2次防控,而中、高种植密度时则需防控3次。In order to screen for a convenient,cost-effective,and environmentally friendly method to enhance the prevention and control of common bacterial blight in common beans,and to improve seed yield and quality,the present study utilized the common bean variety Kenyun 15 as the experimental material.Employing a split-plot experimental design,with planting density(M)as the main factor and control frequency(T)as the secondary factor,a mixture of fungicides(35%quinocetone-copper,tetracycline suspension concentrate 40 g·L^(-1),30%pyrazoxystrobin suspension concentrate 30 g·L^(-1),and 30%tebuconazole emulsion 20 g·L^(-1))were sprayed during the flowering period.Through the investigation of disease indices,control efficacy,yield,plant height,and other indicators,the study aimed to elucidate the preventive and control effects of green measures against common bacterial blight in common beans under different planting densities.The results indicated that,without control measures,the incidence index of common bacterial blight increased with the rise in planting density.Under various planting densities,the incidence rate of common bacterial blight significantly decreased with an increase in the frequency of control.Among different planting densities,the control efficacy was highest under the T3 treatment,with M1T3,M2T3,and M3T3 achieving control efficacies of 75.05%,73.97%,and 84.11%,respectively.Meanwhile,compared to the untreated control,the application of T3 treatment resulted in yield increases of 11.52%,9.03%,and 8.68%under various planting densities.Through a comparative benefit analysis,it is recommended to conduct two control measures at low planting density and three control measures at medium and high planting densities for effective management.

关 键 词：芸豆 种植密度 细菌性疫病 绿色防控 

分 类 号：S436.43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]