“东干”族名稽考  

A Study on the Name of the Donggan Ethnics

作　　者：莫超 MO Chao(School of Literature and History,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]兰州城市学院文史学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《文化艺术研究》2024年第1期45-50,113,114,共8页Studies in Culture and Art

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“兰银官话的形成和演变研究”(项目编号:20BYY049)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：私人著述文献具有发现和增补历史研究可信材料、复原历史事实,并以此校正正史、完善历史研究的功能。通过对近代西北私人著述文献的钩沉,可以发现“东干”在19世纪前半叶有“东干”“通干”两种写法,后来才约定俗成为“东干”。作为一个群体名称,“东干”是一个音译词,起初是新疆境内使用突厥语的族群对外来伊斯兰教信徒的统称,后来演变为广、狭两个义项,广义指自外地(主要是甘肃、陕西一带)迁徙而来并定居于新疆的回民群体,狭义指清代后期迁往沙俄境内的陕甘回民及其居住在吉尔吉斯斯坦、哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦境内的后裔。随着时间的推移,“东干”有可能将成为一个历史词。Private documents serve as credible sources for discovering and supplementing historical research,reconstructing historical facts,and correcting official history to improve historical research.Through an investigation of private documents from modern Northwest China,it is found that in the first half of the 19th century,the name of the Donggan Ethnics had two different spellings,Donggan and Tonggan,before eventually becoming standardized as Donggan.As a collective name,Donggan is a transliteration initially used by a Turkic-speaking ethnics in Xinjiang to refer to foreign Muslims.It later evolved into two meanings:broadly referring to the Hui Muslim community who migrated from other regions(mainly Gansu and Shaanxi)and settled in Xinjiang,and narrowly referring to the descendants of Hui Muslims who migrated to the Russian Empire in the later Qing Dynasty and now reside in Kyrgyzstan,Kazakhstan,and Uzbekistan.Over time,the word Donggan may become archaic.

关 键 词：东干 音译词 留居 回族 

分 类 号：J943.1[艺术—电影电视艺术]