量刑建议“一般应当采纳”条款之省思  

A Thoughtful Reflection on Generally Compliant with Prosecutors'Sentence Recommendations in Sentencing Process

作　　者：刘磊 Liu Lei

机构地区：[1]同济大学法学院

出　　处：《交大法学》2024年第2期36-50,共15页SJTU Law Review

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目“司法供给侧改革背景下的认罪速裁程序”(项目编号:07012150028)。

摘　　要：依据现行《刑事诉讼法》第201条的规定,量刑建议的效力延展至审判阶段,约束庭审法官的量刑裁量权。由于量刑建议“一般应当采纳”条款的扩张适用,其对程序公正与量刑公正均产生了连锁影响。由于审查起诉阶段牺牲了被告人量刑听审与量刑辩论权利,加之检察官担当审判之前的量刑法官产生的各种反作用力,量刑建议“一般应当采纳”条款对刑事程序公正有一定的反向阻力。同时,由于检察官在审查起诉阶段难以尽责尽职进行量刑调查,更难以全面考量兼顾所有的量刑因素,确定刑的量刑建议很难完全体现刑罚公正。法院在个案中应当启动必要的庭审公诉审查,庭审阶段也应赋予法官充分的变更起诉罪名与量刑权限。设定科学的量刑方法、量刑情节的合理赋值等改革举措,有利于回归诉审制约与实现量刑公正。Actually,Chinese prosecutors'sentence recommendations are approaching and effective on the judge's final decisions on the courts according to the Criminal Procedure Law(Article 201),which also means restricting the judge's proportional judicial power in the sentencing process.As a result of the negative influence that Article 201 has been widely coming into force,some unexpected reactions have happened,whether on procedure justice or on penalty justice.In fact,the defendants'rights of pretrial hearings and punishment arguments are generally denied at the price of guaranteeing prosecuting.Meanwhile,Article 201 has some negative influences on criminal procedural justice on the background of guilty plea process,which literally robust the prosecutors with sentence recommendations.In as so much public prosecutors usually cannot investigate all the factors on crime with due diligence,finally the sentence recommendations by the prosecutors cannot represent full justice on criminal punishment.Some necessary judicial pretrial reviews on sentence recommendations case by case are important to reject some irrational recommendations for the court.By establishing the calculus methodology of criminal punishment and rational proportionality on sentence circumstances,sentencing justice will come into reality and the principle of separation of powers in criminal justice surely will also be sustained again.

关 键 词：量刑建议 法官保留原则 点的理论 幅的理论 量刑公正 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]