认罪认罚案件审判活动中人民陪审员制度适用的挑战及其应对  

Challenges and Countermeasures to the Application of the People's Assessor System in the Trial of Cases of the Accused Who Admit the Guilt and Accept the Punishment

作　　者：赵恒 Zhao Heng

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院

出　　处：《交大法学》2024年第2期51-68,共18页SJTU Law Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“深化司法体制综合配套改革的进展与成效研究”(项目编号:23ZDA078);国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“认罪认罚从宽制度的中国理论”(项目编号:20FFXB036);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“恢复性司法理念影响下认罪认罚从宽制度立法完善研究”(项目编号:2019M652416)。

摘　　要：人民陪审员制度与认罪认罚从宽制度之间客观上存在张力关系。在认罪认罚案件审判活动中,人民陪审员制度适用的挑战体现在:人民陪审员参与空间愈加有限、事实审与法律审区分难度增大、人民陪审员审判能力被削弱等等。产生上述挑战的原因包括两种制度改革预期目标有别、陪审规则设计存在内生不足、合作性司法理念强化法律职业联系、考核任务增加工作负担等方面。顺应我国刑事司法发展趋向,宜从以下四个方面完善人民陪审员参与认罪认罚案件审判活动之主要方案:第一,坚持审判中心主义以统筹推进认罪认罚从宽制度与人民陪审员制度的改革进程;第二,调整人民陪审员参与认罪认罚案件的审判规则;第三,以优化检法职权关系为依托规范认罪认罚从宽程序;第四,健全考核机制以提高认罪认罚案件审判质量。由此,进一步提升我国刑事案件繁简分流进程中审判方式改革质效。There is a tension between the leniency system based on admission of guilt and acceptance of punishment(LSAGAP)and the people’s assessor system(PAS).The main challenges about people‘s assessors’participation in the trial of plea cases include the increasingly limited participation space,the difficulty in distinguishing between factual trial and legal trial,and the weakening of the trial ability,and so on.The reasons for the above challenges include the different expected objectives of the two system reforms,the deficiencies in the design of assessors rules,the professional ties strengthened by the concept of cooperative justice,and so on.In line with the development trend of China‘s criminal justice,we should improve the mechanism scheme for the people’s assessors to effectively exercise judicial power in the trial in the future from the following aspects:First,adhere to the trial centralism to comprehensively promote the reform process of the LSAGAP and the PAS;second,adjust the trial rules for people‘s assessors to participate in plea cases;third,to optimize the relationship between procuratorial and judicial powers as the starting point to standardize the lenient procedures of plea cases;fourth,improve the assessment mechanism to improve the quality of handling plea cases.Therefore,the quality of the reform of separation between complicated and simple criminal cases will be further improved.

关 键 词：认罪认罚案件 人民陪审员 法官 事实认定 法律适用 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学] D926.2[政治法律—法学]