气候司法本土化的三重逻辑:规范、价值和功能  

Triple logic of the localization of climate justice: norm, value, and function

作　　者：杜辉[1] 杨哲 DU Hui;YANG Zhe(Law School,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第1期1-10,共10页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“面向治理效能的环境法体系化研究”(批准号:20BFX165);重庆英才计划包干制项目“深化现代环境治理体系建设及实施的法治保障研究”(批准号:2021YC025);中央高校基本科研业务费科研平台与成果培育专项“国家治理体系与法治发展协调互动机制研究”(批准号:2020CDJSK08ZH06)。

摘　　要：在全球气候治理司法化转型的背景下,中国司法系统在应对气候变化中呈现出全面积极的态度。气候司法作为环境司法专门化的新领域,亟须形成体系性的本土化方案。气候司法本土化的核心要义在于彰显主体性,需要将气候司法的概念体系、功能定位、审判机制、裁判体系与规则等置于中国法治现代化特定背景和社会结构条件之中予以把握,其内在逻辑是涵括规范体系、价值序列和功能定位的动态体系。当前,中国气候司法规范体系中的多层次立法呈现间接、倡导属性,且多元化司法规范创制不足,体系化任务尚未完成,继而诱导出气候司法规范的周延性困境和融贯性难题。在此情形下,气候司法所保护法益的识别和核心价值尚未被清晰地析出,且科学上的不确定性、政策权衡、经济诱因等诸多外部因素限制着对气候变化案件的价值判断。这些都深刻地影响气候司法作为公益型司法与治理型司法的双重功能定位和发展方向。为此,气候司法本土化的方式与进路需要基于规范、价值和功能三重逻辑及其呈现的问题或要求展开。首先,强化多重规范秩序的塑造,从公私法协同出发推动气候变化立法体系化,通过强化次级气候司法规范凝聚共识,借助多元法律解释方法提升气候司法规范体系的融通性。其次,以利益为核心建构法律论证的权威,通过涉碳利益的衡量强化裁判的实质理由,通过气候环境利益的多维保护强化裁判的开放性,通过外在因素与法律因素的平衡强化裁判的权威理由。最后,精准塑造气候司法的双重功能,以风险预防原则构建预防性公益型气候司法,以政策的司法化构建服务于“双碳”目标的治理型气候司法。Against the backdrop of the judicialization transformation of global climate governance,China's judicial system has shown a comprehensive and positive attitude towards addressing climate change.It is urgent to form a systematic localization plan for climate justice as a new specialized field of environmental justice.The localization of climate justice emphasizes its subjectivity,the under⁃standing of which requires placing the concept system,function orientation,trial mechanism,adjudication system,and rules of climate justice in the specific background and social structure of the modernization of China's rule of law,and its internal logic is a dynamic system encompassing normative system,value sequence,and function orientation.Currently,the multi-level legislation in China's sys⁃tem of climate judicial norms presents indirect and principled characteristics,coupled with the insufficient creation of diversified judi⁃cial norms and the unfinished task of systematization,inducing circumscribed dilemmas and coherent problems in climate judicial norms.Under such circumstances,the identification and core value of the legal interests protected by climate justice have not been clearly defined,and many external factors,such as scientific uncertainty,policy trade-offs,and economic incentives,limit the value judgment of climate change cases.These issues profoundly affect the function orientation and development direction of climate justice as public welfare and governance justice.Therefore,the approaches and paths for the localization of climate justice should be based on the triple logic of norm,value,and function as well as the problems or requirements presented.Firstly,it is necessary to strengthen the shaping of an order incorporating multiple norms.The specific path is to promote the systematization of climate change legislation through the synergy of public and private laws,to consolidate consensus by strengthening secondary climate judicial norms,and to en⁃hance the compatibility of the climate judicial normat

关 键 词：气候司法 本土化 司法规范体系 法律论证 气候司法功能 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]