细辛、土壤中重金属含量测定及生态风险评估  

Determination of Heavy Metal Content in Asarum and Soil and Ecological Risk Assessment

作　　者：姜先慧 于敏[2] 焦安妮 焦连庆[2] 张凤清[1] JIANG Xian-hui;YU Min;JIAO An-ni;JIAO Lian-qing;ZHANG Feng-qing(College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,China;Jilin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]长春工业大学化学与生命科学学院,吉林长春130012 [2]吉林省中医药科学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《化学试剂》2024年第3期99-104,共6页Chemical Reagents

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210204027YY)。

摘　　要：选取6片种植地的细辛及土壤作为研究对象,通过比较电感耦合等离子体-质谱法(ICP-MS)测As、Hg,全自动汞分析仪测Hg,原子荧光光度仪(AFS)测As的实验结果,确定Hg的测定采用全自动汞分析仪,As的测定采用AFS。Pb、Cd、Cu、Cr选用ICP-MS进行测定,计算细辛对重金属元素的富集系数,并对土壤中6种重金属元素进行生态风险评估。结果显示,12批细辛除Cd外,Pb、As、Cu、Cr、Hg均符合药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准;Cd实测值为(2.02±0.47)mg/kg,超标程度573%,富集系数为9.14±3.24;Cr的富集系数为1.31±0.69。6片细辛种植地土壤潜在生态风险系数(E_(r)^(i))均低于40,潜在生态风险指数(RI)均低于150,属于轻微污染。Cd的土壤污染最为严重,针对Cd污染的土壤治理及修复成为迫切需要解决的问题。Six planting areas of Asarum and soil were selected as the research subjects.Herein,Hg was measured using an automatic mercury analyzer,and As was measured using an atomic fluorescence spectrometer(AFS),Pb,Cd,Cu,and Cr were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).By comparing the experimental results of As and Hg measured by ICP-MS,Hg measured by automatic mercury analyzer,and As measured by AFS,the enrichment coefficients of Asarum for heavy metal elements were calculated,and ecological risk assessment was conducted on six types of heavy metal elements in the soils.Results showed that the twelve batches of Asarum all met the green industry standards for the import and export of medicinal plants and preparations except for Cd,including Pb,As,Cu,Cr,and Hg.The measured value for Cd is(2.02±0.47)mg/kg,with an exceeding degree of 573%and an enrichment coefficient of 9.14±3.24.The enrichment coefficient of Cr is 1.31±0.69.The potential ecological risk coefficient(E_(r)^(i))of the soil in the six Asarum planting areas is all below 40,and the potential ecological risk index(RI)is all below 150,indicating a slight extent of pollution.The soil pollution caused by Cd is the most severe,therefore soil remediation and remediation for Cd pollution have become urgent issues to be addressed.

关 键 词：细辛 土壤 重金属 富集系数 风险评估 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]