CRH5动车组牵引脉冲整流器自适应优化控制方法研究  

Study on adaptive optimal control of CRH5 EMU traction PWM rectifier

作　　者：李蔚[1] 冉治 孙博 肖友刚[1] 刘哲霖 LI Wei;RAN Zhi;SUN Bo;XIAO Yougang;LIU Zhelin(School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2024年第2期476-486,共11页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52272339);广西创新驱动发展专项资金资助项目(桂科AA20302010)。

摘　　要：针对CRH5动车组牵引主回路脉冲整流器在牵引网压波动下的稳定性问题,提出一种基于自抗扰算法的参数自适应优化控制策略。在CRH5动车组牵引脉冲整流器现采用的dq双环控制结构基础上,针对电流内环采用最速综合fal函数实现控制响应及控制量大小随误差变化自适应调整,基于状态空间方程构建一阶线性自抗扰电压外环控制器以实现对系统扰动的观测及跟踪。由此改善控制器对外部扰动的估计及补偿能力,增强控制器对车网耦合特性变化的适应能力。通过Matlab/Simulink仿真对比分析了基于PID控制和基于参数自适应优化控制的dq电流控制器性能,仿真结果表明,基于参数自适应的dq电流优化控制策略下的整流器直流侧输出电压在启动过程中超调量更小,且在应对网压波动时输出电压波动恢复后的稳态误差小于指标值的1/6,抗干扰能力更强。为进一步验证该控制器应对网压低频振荡的抗扰动效果,在RT-LAB半实物实验平台上搭建动车组-牵引网级联耦合模型对比分析2种控制策略下的牵引网网压波形。结果表明:基于参数自适应的dq电流优化控制更能适应多列动车组同时接入而引发的扰动,抑制牵引网网压大幅度振荡;fal电流环的参数自适应特性能改善控制器动态特性,可根据瞬态误差及时调整控制器响应,且其控制参数适应范围较宽,易于整定。To address the stability issues of the pulse width modulation(PWM)rectifier in the CRH5 Electric Motor Unit(EMU)primary traction circuit under traction grid voltage oscillations of railway catenary,a parameter adaptive optimization control strategy based on active disturbance rejection control(ADRC)was proposed.The strategy was built on the dq double-loop control structure applied in CRH5 by using the fastest comprehensive fal function for the inner current loop and adaptively adjusting the control response and the control value to the deviation variation.Based on the state space equations,a first-order linear self-disturbance voltage outer loop controller was constructed to observe and track the system disturbance.The controller’s ability to estimate and compensate for external disturbances was improved,and the controller’s adaptability to changes in the coupling characteristics of the vehicle network was enhanced.The performance of PID-based dq current control and parameter self-adaptive optimal control was compared and analyzed by Matlab/Simulink.The simulation results reveal that,during the start-up process,the DC output voltage overshoot of the rectifier is minor with the parameter self-adaptive optimal control strategy.Moreover,when dealing with traction grid voltage oscillations,the steady-state error of DC output voltage after recovery is only 1/10 of the required index,indicating stronger anti-interference ability.To further verify the anti-disturbance effect of the controller against grid voltage low-frequency oscillations,a train-grid cascade coupling model was built on the RT-LAB experiment platform to compare and analyze the grid voltage waveform under the two control strategies.The results demonstrate that the parameter self-adaptive optimal control strategy can better adapt to deal with the disturbance caused by multiple high-speed trains simultaneously connected to the grid and can suppress significant oscillations,the parameter adaption feature of the fal current loop can improve the dynamic

关 键 词：CRH5动车组 牵引脉冲整流器 自抗扰控制 牵引网网压 低频振荡 

分 类 号：U233.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]