安徽省中学生社会支持、自尊与负性情绪的相关性研究  

Investigation on the association among social support,self-esteem and negative emotions in middle school students in Anhui Province,China

作　　者：童嘉妮 华龙 费苏海 熊佳节 余越 许淼 潘志银 常微微 陈燕 姚应水 朱丽君 金岳龙 TONG Jia′ni;HUA Long;FEI Suhai;XIONG Jiajie;YU Yue;XU Miao;PAN Zhiyin;CHANG Weiwei;CHEN Yan;YAO Yingshui;ZHU Lijun;JIN Yuelong(School of Public Health,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院公共卫生学院慢性病防制研究所,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《皖南医学院学报》2024年第1期64-67,共4页Journal of Wannan Medical College

基　　金：皖南医学院中青年科研基金项目(WK202112);安徽省高等学校科学研究项目(2022AH051208)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨中学生社会支持、自尊与负性情绪的相关性,为提高中学生心理健康水平提供科学依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法在安徽省皖北、皖中、皖南地区选取4483名中学生进行问卷调查。问卷包括一般人口学特征、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表(DASS-21)、Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)。结果:安徽省中学生抑郁情绪检出率为24.45%,焦虑情绪检出率为44.81%,压力情绪检出率为15.19%;女生焦虑情绪检出率高于男生(P<0.05),高中生各种负性情绪检出率均高于初中生(P<0.05),不同地区各类负性情绪检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);安徽省中学生社会支持水平与负性情绪得分均呈负相关(P<0.01),自尊分数与负性情绪得分均呈负相关(P<0.01);多因素Logistic回归矫正模型显示,主观支持(OR=0.889、0.916、0.946)、对支持的利用度(OR=0.885、0.894和0.919)和自尊(OR=0.811、0.892、0.860)得分均是负性情绪检出的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:社会支持水平和自尊水平对中学生抑郁、焦虑、压力负性情绪的产生具有一定程度影响。适当提高中学生群体的社会支持和自尊水平,可在一定程度上减少学生负性情绪的产生。Objective:To investigate the correlation among social support,self-esteem and negative emotions in secondary school students for scientific evidences to improve their mental health.Methods:By stratified cluster sampling,we included 4483 secondary school students in northern,central,and southern Anhui Province to undergo the questionnaire survey.The questionnaires consisted of general demographic information,Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale(DASS-21),Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(RSES),and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Results:The detection rate was 24.45%,44.81%and 15.19%,respectively for depression,anxiety and stress among the students,and the detection rate of anxiety was higher in female students than in males(P<0.05).High school students had higher detection rate of various types of negative emotions than that of junior high school students(P<0.05),and the differences in the detection rates of various types of negative emotions among different regions were statistically significant(P<0.05).Social support level and self-esteem scores were negatively correlated with negative emotion scores in the middle school students in Anhui area(P<0.01).Multivariate logistic regression correction model showed that the subjective support(OR=0.889;0.916;0.946),the utilization of support(OR=0.885;0.894;0.919)and self-esteem(OR=0.811;0.892;0.860),and self-esteem scores(OR=0.811;0.860;0.892)were all protective factors for detected negative emotion(P<0.05).Conclusion:The level of social support and self-esteem may lead to certain impact on the negative emotions of depression,anxiety and stress in the middle school students.The findings suggest that we should appropriately improve the social support and self-esteem of middle school students,which can reduce the negative emotions of the students to some extent.

关 键 词：负性情绪 社会支持 自尊 回归分析 中学生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学] B842.6[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]