一种基于虚拟星敏感器的卫星姿态确定方法  

A Satellite Attitude Determination Method Based on Virtual Star Sensor

作　　者：张志方[1,2] 林瀚峥 李公军 ZHANG Zhifang;LIN Hanzheng;LI Gongjun(Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;National Key Laboratory of Space Intelligent Control,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京控制工程研究所,北京100094 [2]空间智能控制技术全国重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《空间控制技术与应用》2024年第1期8-16,共9页Aerospace Control and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62373046)。

摘　　要：对于配置多个星敏感器的卫星,采用常规的定常增益卡尔曼滤波方法进行姿态确定时,存在滤波定常增益矩阵众多、系统复杂的问题,为了简化滤波系统设计,统一定常增益矩阵,提出一种基于虚拟星敏感器的姿态确定方法.给出一种计算量小、适合星载计算机在轨实时计算的星敏感器时间滞后补偿及相对基准标定算法,将星敏感器的输出数据统一到当前星时,同时将星敏感器的测量基准统一.基于单星敏/双星敏的输出数据构造虚拟星敏感器(安装矩阵为单位阵)的输出数据,设计统一的定常增益矩阵进行姿态确定.仿真结果表明,本方法与常规的定常增益卡尔曼滤波方法姿态确定精度相当,从而验证该方法有效,且具有重要的工程应用价值.For the satellites equipped with multiple star sensors,there will be many problems such as too many filtering constant gain matrices and complex system when using conventional CGKF(constant gain Kalman filtering)method to determine the attitude.In order to simplify the filtering system and unify the constant gain matrix,a satellite attitude determination method based on virtual star sensor is proposed in this paper.Firstly,with small calculation amount,an algorithm of time lag compensation and relative reference calibration of star sensor is presented,which is suitable for on-orbit real-time calculation of on-board computer.The output data of star sensor is unified to the current star time and the measuring reference of star sensor is unified.Secondly,the output data of virtual star sensor(the installation matrix is a unit matrix)is constructed based on the output data of single star sensor/dual star sensors,and a unified constant gain matrix is designed to determine the attitude.The simulation results show that the attitude determination accuracy of the proposed method is equivalent to that of the conventional CGKF method,therefore the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.The proposed method unifies the constant gain matrix,saves a lot of on-board computer resources,and has important engineering application value.

关 键 词：虚拟星敏感器 卡尔曼滤波 定常增益 姿态确定 统一基准 

分 类 号：V448[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]