多轴车辆后桥转向技术综述及展望  

Review of Rear Axle Steering Technology for Multi-axle Vehicles and Prospects

作　　者：许依凡 袁庆浩 杨柳佳 赵文涛 王旭光 徐江 张伟 Xu Yifan;Yuan Qinghao;Yang Liujia;Zhao Wentao;Wang Xuguang;Xu Jiang;Zhang Wei(The School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China;Shandong Xinhua Medical Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Zibo,Shandong 255300,China;China Heavy Duty Truck Group Automotive Research Institute,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学机电工程学院,济南250101 [2]山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司,山东淄博255300 [3]中国重型汽车集团汽车研究院,济南250100

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第2期64-68,141,共6页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2023M733286);山东省自然科学基金青年基金(ZR2020QE299)。

摘　　要：回顾了应用于多轴车辆后桥转向技术的概念与技术。随着工业的迅速发展,大马力、高承载能力的车辆得到更多的应用,由此引发较多的转向问题,以多轴车辆需求为切入点开展研究,其行驶工况复杂,要求有足够动力的同时也要求有更好的操纵灵活性和操纵稳定性。目前后桥转向技术有机械式、全液压式、电控电动式以及电控液压式等,较先进且应用较广的为电控液压式。电控液压式后桥转向系统共有3种类型:一是通过电磁阀来控制液压缸,二是利用普通电机-变量马达控制液压缸,三是伺服电机-定量马达控制液压缸。研究讨论了这些不同类型的转向系统,详细描述各种类型的优点、缺点,并探讨了未来后桥转向系统的发展趋势。通过对后桥转向系统的研究,为提高多轴车辆转向性能的优化、实现网-机-电-液一体化的发展提供科研思路,为将来实现车辆转向智能化、精准化打下坚定的基础。The concept and technology of rear axle steering technology applied to multi axle vehicles are reviewed.With the rapid development of industry,vehicles with high horsepower and high load-bearing capacity have been increasingly applied,which has led to many steering problems.Research is conducted based on the demand for multi axle vehicles,which have complex driving conditions and require sufficient power,as well as better handling flexibility and stability.At present,the rear axle steering technology includes mechanical,fully hydraulic,electronically controlled electric,and electronically controlled hydraulic,the electronic hydraulic type used is more advanced and widely.There are three types of electrically controlled hydraulic rear axle steering systems:one is to control the hydraulic cylinder through solenoid valves,the other is to use a conventional motor variable motor to control the hydraulic cylinder,and the third is to use a servo motor quantitative motor to control the hydraulic cylinder.These different types of steering systems are explored and discussed,and a detailed description of their advantages and disadvantages is provided,the development trend of future rear axle steering systems is explored.Through the study of the rear axle steering system,scientific research ideas are provided to improve the optimization of multi axle vehicle steering performance and achieve the development of network machine electric hydraulic integration,and to lay a solid foundation for achieving intelligent and precise vehicle steering in the future.

关 键 词：后桥转向 多轴车辆 电控液压 转向系统 

分 类 号：U463.4[机械工程—车辆工程]