烤烟褪色前后主要化学成分的变化特征及规律  

Variation characteristics and regularities of main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves before and after color fading

作　　者：肖友萍 钟帅[2] 金保锋[2] 梁耀星[2] 冯玉龙 郭俊杰 王文辉 蔡一霞[1] 王维[1] XIAO Youping;ZHONG Shuai;JIN Baofeng;LIANG Yaoxing;FENG Yulong;GUO Junjie;WANG Wenhui;CAI Yixia;WANG Wei(College of Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510500,China;Meizhou Branch of Guangdong Provincial Tobacco Company,Meizhou 514011,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广州市510642 [2]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广州市510500 [3]广东烟草梅州市有限公司,广东省梅州市514011

出　　处：《烟草科技》2024年第2期9-17,26,共10页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划资助项目“梅州烟区原烟褪色对烟叶质量的影响及其防控措施”(2022440000340008);广东省烟草专卖局科技计划资助项目“广东烟区烤后烟叶褪色原因研究”(2021440000240141)。

摘　　要：选用云烟87、粤烟1号、HB030、湘烟7号和NX2125个品种进行烤后烟叶褪色试验,观察原烟褪色前后的色差值和主要化学成分的变化规律,并建立OPLS模型探讨烤烟褪色与主要化学成分之间的关系。结果表明:(1)褪色后,烟叶的a^(*)和b^(*)值降低,L^(*)值增加,总色差值减小;烟叶中的总糖、总氮、总酚、绿原酸、芸香苷以及类胡萝卜素的质量分数均显著下降,而还原糖、烟碱、草酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸以及总有机酸的质量分数均有所增加。(2)OPLS模型分析结果表明,L^(*)、a^(*)和b^(*)指标与总糖、总氮、类胡萝卜素、绿原酸和芸香苷正相关,而与还原糖、烟碱、草酸、苹果酸和柠檬酸负相关。(3)所有参试品种中,NX212褪色后的总色差值、多酚类物质以及类胡萝卜素下降幅度较小,褪色程度最小,属于耐褪色品种。Five flue-cured tobacco varieties,Yunyan 87,Yueyan No.1,HB030,Xiangyan No.7,and NX212,were used to simulate the color fading test of cured tobacco leaves.The color difference and variation regularities of the main chemical components of cured leaves before and after their color fading were investigated,and an OPLS model was established to analyze the relationships between the main chemical components and color fading.The results showed that:1)After color fading,the redness value a^(*)and yellow value b^(*)of the leaves decreased,the brightness value L^(*)increased,and the total color difference value decreased.Meanwhile,the mass fractions of total sugar,total nitrogen,total phenol,chlorogenic acid,rutin and carotenoid decreased,while the mass fractions of reducing sugar,nicotine,oxalic acid,malic acid,citric acid and total organic acids increased.2)The analysis results of OPLS model showed that L^(*),a^(*)and b^(*)indexes were positively correlated with total sugar,total nitrogen,carotenoid,chlorogenic acid and rutin,and negatively correlated with reducing sugar,nicotine,oxalic acid,malic acid and citric acid.3)Among all the tested varieties,the total color difference value,polyphenols and carotenoids decreased less after color fading of NX212,and its color fading degree was the least,as this leaf type belonged to the color fading resistant varieties.

关 键 词：烤烟 原烟 褪色 CIE颜色模型 化学成分 OPLS模型 

分 类 号：TS411.1[农业科学—烟草工业]