无障碍环境建设公益诉讼制度的反思与优化  

Reflection and Optimization of the Barrier-free Living Environmental Public Interest Litigation System

作　　者：杨雅妮[1] YANG Yani

机构地区：[1]兰州大学法学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《残疾人研究》2024年第1期55-66,共12页Disability Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“检察机关办理公益诉讼案件民行刑衔接机制研究”(21XFX015)。

摘　　要：《无障碍环境建设法》第63条首次在国家立法层面专门规定了无障碍环境建设公益诉讼制度,该规定对于推进无障碍环境建设、维护不特定主体无障碍权益具有里程碑意义。对我国无障碍环境建设公益诉讼制度进行反思与优化,具有非常重要的理论和实践价值。通过研究发现,要正确实施无障碍环境建设公益诉讼制度,实现维护不特定主体无障碍权益的目的,应以《立法法》第99条的规定为依据,在无障碍环境建设公益诉讼领域优先适用《无障碍环境建设法》第63条的规定,并通过科学界定违法行为的范围,赋予残疾人联合会等群团组织民事公益诉权,确立以行政公益诉讼为优先、以民事公益诉讼为补充的诉讼顺位以及明确检察建议的类型与制发对象等方式,全面优化我国的无障碍环境建设公益诉讼制度。The article 63 of Law of the People’s Republic of China on Building a Barrier-Free Living Environment(hereinafter referred to as LBBLE)for the first time specifically provides a public interest litigation system for building a barrier-free living environment at the national legislative level,which is of landmark significance in promoting the construction of a barrier-free living environment and safeguarding the barrier-free rights and interests of unspecified subjects.It is theoretically and practically valuable to reflect and optimize China’s public interest litigation system for building a barrier-free living environment.To appropriately implement the system and achieve the purpose of safeguarding the barrier-free rights and interests of unspecified subjects,through the study,it is found that the provisions of article 99 of the Legislative Law of the People’s Republic of China should be used as the basis for priority application of the provisions of article 63 of the LBBLE in public interest litigation in barrier-free living environment construction.To comprehensibly optimize China’s system of public interest litigation for building a barrier-free living environment,it is recommended to scientifically define the scope of the violation of laws and regulations,grant civil public interest litigation rights to disabled persons’federations and other organizations,establish a litigation position that prioritizes administrative public interest litigation and supplements it with civil public interest litigation,and clarify the types of procuratorial recommendations and the targets for their issuance.

关 键 词：无障碍环境 公益诉讼 起诉主体 诉讼顺位 检察建议 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]