博物学与当代教育的辩证法  

Dialectics between Natural History and Contemporary Education

作　　者：李润虎 LI Run-hu(Department of Comprehensive Research in History of Science and Technology,Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院自然科学史研究所科技史综合研究室,北京100190

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2023年第12期132-139,共8页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：横向课题“当代博物教育课程与教材建设研究”(2019BW001);国家自然科学基金委项目“主要科技强国科研资助体系和机构应对重大挑战的历史研究”(L2224009)。

摘　　要：当下的教育是课程目的先于教育活动的教育,一切为了分数,家长、老师机械性的教,孩子机械性的学,人沦为了教育的工具,学习成为了流水化的作业。与此不同,传统的博物教育虽在知识传授和获得的速率上弱于当下的教育模式,但在培育人的天性和自性方面,却是富有诗性的、情感的,具有想象和创造的教育,远非今天的教育所能及。中西方文明自轴心时代以来,在人类的认知和能力系统中,博物和数理两种传统便长期处于此消彼长的辩证式发展中。基于博物论的新博物教育注重生命自身的成长,站在传统的博物教育和当下数理教育的“肩膀上”,以全新的人学视野和文明观为人类的未来教育开辟出一片新天地。因此,推动新博物教育是对传统博物教育和当下数理教育的辩证发展,是对现行的知识观、文明观和人的发展观的有益突破,新博物教育的形成和发展,是对有机的、自然的和可持续发展的未来的最好准备。The current education is an education in which the purpose of the curriculum precedes educational activities.Everything is for scores.Parents and teachers teach mechanically,and children learn mechanically.People are reduced to educational tools,and learning becomes a streamlined homework.Different from this,although the traditional natural history education is slower than the current education model in terms of the speed of imparting and acquiring knowledge,it is poetic,emotional,imaginative and creative in terms of cultivating human nature and self-nature.Education is far beyond the reach of today’s education.Since the Axial Age of Chinese and Western civilizations,in human cognitive and ability systems,the two traditions of natural history and mathematics have been in a dialectical development of one ebb and flow for a long time.The new natural history education based on natural history theory focuses on the growth of life itself,stands on the“shoulders”of traditional natural history education and current mathematical education,and opens up a new world for the future education of mankind with a new perspective of humanities and civilization.Therefore,promoting new natural history education is a dialectical development of traditional natural history education and current mathematical education.It is a beneficial breakthrough in the current concept of knowledge,civilization and human development.The formation and development of new natural history education is a reflection of organic and the best preparation for a natural and sustainable future.

关 键 词：博物学 新博物教育 数理教育 辩证发展 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]