多采样率地震勘探技术(MrSET)探讨  

Discussion on Multirate Seismic Exploration Technique (MrSET)

作　　者：倪宇东 姜福豪 邹雪峰 蓝益军 柳兴刚 门哲 许银坡 NI YuDong;JIANG FuHao;ZOU XueFeng;LAN YiJun;LIU XingGang;MEN Zhe;XU YinPo(BGP of CNPC,Zhuozhou 072751,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油东方地球物理公司,涿州072751

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2024年第3期1169-1180,共12页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：中国石油集团公司“非规则地震采集与数据重构关键技术研究”(2021DJ3504),“基于稀疏采样的地震采集新技术研究”(2019A-3311)和“深层地震资料采集与处理关键技术课题”(2016A-3304)联合资助。

摘　　要：时间采样以及空间采样问题是地震勘探基本问题,空间采样方式包括规则采样、非均匀(非规则)采样、随机采样等.从地震波场的带限性、空间域非均匀性、地下构造多样性出发,提出多采样率地震勘探技术(MrSET),尝试组合不同空间采样方式.多采样率地震勘探观测系统设计一般应满足5项准则,探讨了多采样率数据处理基本方法,并以合成数据和实际数据的处理效果为基础,总结了多采样率地震勘探技术的7个方面优势.在相同道密度前提下,与规则采样相比,多采样率地震勘探技术更能满足复杂地震波场、弱能量绕射波与散射波充分采样的需要,是一项能提高反射地震数据成像精度的地震勘探技术,经过进一步研究将有巨大潜力成为(陆上、海洋)节点地震勘探时代常规技术.Time sampling and spatial sampling problems are the basic concerns of seismic exploration. The latter includes regular sampling, non-uniform (irregular) sampling and random sampling and so on. Based on the fact that the seismic wave field is band-limited, the spatial domain is heterogeneous, and underground structures are complex, the Multirate Seismic Exploration Technique (MrSET) is introduced into seismic exploration, trying to integrate different spatial sampling methods. This paper provides five criteria for the geometry design of multirate seismic exploration, introduces the basic methods of data processing, and summarizes seven technical advantages of MrSET based on the results of data processing of both synthesized and real data. Compared with regular sampling of the same trace density, MrSET can better meet the requirements of full sampling to the complex seismic wave fields, weak energy diffracted waves and scattered waves, and improve imaging precision. It is promising in becoming a routine technique for (onshore and marine) node seismic exploration with further research.

关 键 词：规则采样 随机采样 非均匀(非规则)采样 多采样率采样 逆散射成像 数据重构 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]