丛枝菌根真菌-植物共生体系在石油污染土壤修复上的研究进展  

Research Advances in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Enhancing the Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil

作　　者：魏莹 韩斌 李倩 李阳 王宇超 毛祝新 WEI Ying;HAN Bin;LI Qian;LI Yang;WANG Yuchao;MAO Zhuxin(Key Laboratory of Soil Resources&Biotech Application Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources,Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710061 China;Xi'an Luoke Environmental Remediation Co.,Ltd,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省科学院土壤资源与生物技术应用重点实验室、陕西省植物资源保护与利用工程技术研究中心,陕西省西安植物园,西安710061 [2]西安罗克环境修复有限公司,西安710061

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第1期92-97,101,共7页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西安市农业技术研发项目(22NYYF029);陕西省科学院项目(2021k-25,2020k-08,2021K-08,2020k-05);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2020ZDLSF06-01);陕西省科技厅面上项目(2022JM-132)。

摘　　要：丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)真菌能够与陆地80%~90%的维管植物建立共生关系,产生的地下菌丝体网络连接着植物根系、土壤及根际微生物。目前,丛枝菌根真菌被认为是提高石油污染土壤修复的工具。该文从石油对丛枝菌根真菌及其群落结构的影响、丛枝菌根真菌对植物的帮助及与其它微生物及物质共同作用提高石油修复效率等方面做以阐述。未来研究方南有以下几个方面:(1)寻找并选择针对不同石油及土壤的丛枝菌根真菌与宿主植物组合,并建立组合库;(2)利用分子手段及基因工程等技术研究丛枝菌根真菌对石油的降解或者提高宿主植物对石油的耐受性或降解等机制等;(3)关注菌丝际生态功能区,以“共生功能体”的概念入手深入挖掘,探究植物、根际及菌丝际微生物之间的相互作用及功能等三个方面开展工作,以期对未来修复工作提供科学支持。Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi can establish a symbiotic relationship with 80%to 90%of vascular plants and produce an extensive mycelium network that connects plant roots,soil,and rhizosphere microorganisms.At present,AM fungi are recognized as a valuable tool for enhancing the phytoremediation of oil contaminated soil.This paper provides a review of the effects of petroleum on AM fungi and community structure,the beneficial effect of AM fungi on plants,and the synergistic actions of AM fungi with other microorganisms or substances to enhance phytoremediation.To offer essential and scientific support for future phytoremediation research,the following directions can be explored:(1)Search and select the combination of AM fungi and host plant species for different oil and soil,and establish a combination library;(2)Explore the ecological problems of AM fungi in this micro ecosystem,including niche,population dynamics,and related influencing factors;(3)Study the mechanism by which AM fungi degrade petroleum or enhance the tolerance and degradation of host plants to oil using molecular methods and genetic engineering.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 石油污染 植物修复 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]