中华绒螯蟹不同产品状态挥发性物质的研究  

Characterization of volatile substances of different product formats of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

作　　者：尹晶 管卫兵 石伟 王江龙 俞晓燕 张光弟[1,2,3] YIN Jing;GUAN Weibin;SHI Wei;WANG Jianglong;YU Xiaoyan;ZHANG Guangdi(College of Enology and Food Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Food Microbial Application Technology and Safety Control,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Facility Horticulture(Ningxia University)Technology Innovation Center,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Yinchuan Kehai Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750000,China;Ningxia Suwo Ecological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学食品与葡萄酒学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏食品微生物应用技术与安全控制重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏设施园艺(宁夏大学)技术创新中心,宁夏银川750021 [4]上海海洋大学,海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306 [5]银川科海生物技术有限公司,宁夏银川750000 [6]宁夏苏沃生态科技有限公司,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2023年第6期66-74,共9页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：宁夏科技厅重点项目(2020ZDYF0860,2018BBF02009);研究生创新项目(GIP2020-23)。

摘　　要：本文基于气相离子迁移谱技术(headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy,HS-GC-IMS)可视化表征特点,检测了稻蟹共生系统中鲜活、冷藏麻醉及冻结产品状态下的中华绒螯蟹肌肉与性腺挥发性物质。采用指纹图谱,并采用主成分分析法(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)和匹配矩阵,分析其挥发性物质(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)差异。结果表明:三种产品状态中华绒螯蟹共鉴定出47种挥发性物质,主要有酮类、醛类、醇类、酸类、酯类及杂环类,其中贡献量较大的化合物有酮类、醛类及醇类,分别12、9、8种。试验从鲜活、冷藏麻醉及冻结产品的肌肉中分别检测出15、19、22种挥发性物质;从不同产品状态中华绒螯蟹性腺中分别检测出17、19、32种挥发性物质(包括共有挥发性物质)。同时发现,随着样品冻结,被检出的挥发性物质种类(酮类、醇类、醛类)和含量呈现增加趋势;样品的性腺与肌肉相比较,从鲜活到麻醉至冻结的过程中,有大量醛类、呋喃类、吡嗪类等化合物产生,其中2-戊基呋喃的出现或导致中华绒螯蟹的品质下降。基于三种产品状态中挥发性物质变化规律及PCA,可明显区分中华绒螯蟹三种产品状态。本研究旨在为中华绒螯蟹挥发性物质评价、产品类型鉴别、深加工、保鲜及冷链流通提供一定参考。Based on the visual characteristics demonstrated in the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy(HS-GC-IMS),the volatile substances of the muscle and gonad of Chinese mitten crab were determined for the fresh,the refrigerated and anesthetized,and the frozen products of the crab harvested from rice crab symbiotic system.The differences in the contents of these materials were revealed according to the fingerprints in the spectra through principal component analysis and with the matching matrices method.In total,47 volatile substances were identified among three formats of products.The main volatile substances included ketones,aldehydes,alcohols,acids,esters and heterocyclic,of them the most important were 12 ketones,9 aldehydes and 8 alcohols.In the muscles of fresh,refrigerated and anesthetized,and frozen products,15,19 and 22 volatile substances were identified.In the Chinese mitten crab gonad in different product formats,17,19 and 32 volatile substances were found,and some of them were shared among the product formats.The volatile substances(ketones,alcohols,aldehydes)increased with freezing.From the fresh to the anaesthetized to the frozen,a large number of aldehydes,furans,pyrazines among others produced in gonads and muscles,of these substances,2-pentylfuran causes the quality decrease of Chinese mitten crab.The volatile substance variation and PCA of three formats of products can clearly distinguish the three formats.Our findings provides a reference for volatile substance evaluation,product format identification,deep processing,preservation and cold chain circulation of Chinese mitten crab.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 性腺与肌肉 气相-离子迁移谱技术 挥发性物质特征 

分 类 号：S567.235[农业科学—中草药栽培]