基于机载激光扫描和倾斜影像匹配的点云构建及差异性分析  

Point cloud construction and differential analysis based on airborne laser scanning and oblique image matching

作　　者：谭金石 高照忠[1] 杨忞婧 祖为国 刘丽[1] TAN Jinshi;GAO Zhaozhong;YANG Minjing;ZU Weiguo;LIU Li(College of Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing Information,Guangdong Polytechnic of Industry and Commerce,Guangzhou 510510,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工贸职业技术学院测绘遥感信息学院,广东广州510510

出　　处：《测绘通报》2024年第2期134-139,共6页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：广东省普通高校重点研究项目(2022DZZX4072);中国高校产学研创新基金(2021ZYB03002);广东省高职资源环境与能源材料教指委教学改革项目(ZHNCJG20220217)。

摘　　要：点云是三维空间数据的重要组成部分,机载激光扫描和倾斜影像匹配是两种主要点云构建技术,具有共性与差异性。本文旨在分析机载激光扫描和倾斜影像匹配技术构建点云的差异性,首先阐述了机载激光扫描和倾斜影像匹配点云构建的具体方法,然后结合案例,从点云构建效果、数据完整性、密度、精度和植被穿透性等方面进行比较和分析。结果表明,两种技术构建点云都具有较好的数据完整性,均能生产高密集点云,远超规范要求,精度相当且较高,但是激光扫描在遮挡区有漏洞,影像匹配局部盲区细节失真;激光点云具有较好的穿透性,能实现不同植被覆盖区域地面点云构建,而影像匹配点穿透性差,在密集植被区域存在缺失甚至不能构建地面点。研究结果为后续点云构建方法的选用和优化提供了参考,具有一定的研究与应用价值。Point clouds are an important part of 3D spatial data.Airborne laser scanning and tilt image matching are the two main point cloud construction techniques,which have commonalities and differences.The aim of this paper is to analyse the differences between airborne laser scanning and tilted image matching techniques for point cloud construction.Firstly,the specific methods of airborne laser scanning and tilted image matching point cloud construction are described,and then compare and analyse in terms of point cloud construction effect,data integrity,density,accuracy and vegetation penetration in conjunction with case studies.The results show that both techniques have good data integrity and can produce highly dense point clouds that far exceed the specification requirements,with comparable and high accuracy,but the laser scanning has loopholes in the occluded areas and distorted details in the blind local areas of image matching;the laser point cloud has good penetration and can achieve ground point cloud construction in different vegetation covered areas,while the image matching points have poor penetration.There is a lack in densely vegetated areas,can t even construct ground points.The results of the study provide a reference for the selection and optimization of subsequent point cloud construction methods,and have certain research and application value.

关 键 词：激光扫描 倾斜影像 点云构建 激光点云 影像点云 影像匹配 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]