功能视角下酌定不起诉与附条件不起诉的制度厘革  

Institutional Reform of Discretionary Non-Prosecution and Conditional Non-Prosecution from a Functional Perspective

作　　者：史立梅[1] 武叙言 Shi Li-mei;Wu Xu-yan(School of Criminal Law Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院,北京100875

出　　处：《政法学刊》2023年第6期80-92,共13页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金一般项目“非犯罪化视角下的认罪认罚从宽制度研究”(21BFX184)。

摘　　要：作为司法非罪化在我国的制度体现,酌定不起诉与附条件不起诉具备成为轻罪治理重要路径的巨大潜力。然而现行立法对两种不起诉的规定不尽合理,致使二者之间的关系较为混沌,并进一步阻碍了实践效果的提升。制度设计最终落脚于功能的发挥,功能的实现则有赖于制度的完善。以此为视角,酌定不起诉与附条件不起诉制度功能的差异实际在某种程度上反映了二者的应然关系,并能以此为制度实然状态的改善提供参考。在此基础上,未来不起诉制度的厘革,应当将酌定不起诉与附条件不起诉统归于裁量不起诉体系之下,并根据功能的差别为二者设置阶梯化的适用范围,确立相互独立的进阶式适用关系,采取阶层化的判断路径,从而为不起诉治理功能的发挥提供制度支持。As a manifestation of judicial decriminalization in China's system,discretionary non-prosecution and conditional non-prosecution have great potential to become important paths for misdemeanor governance.However,the current legislation's provisions on two types of non-prosecution are not entirely reasonable,resulting in a chaotic relationship between the two and further hindering the improvement of practical effectiveness.The ultimate goal of institutional design lies in the realization of its functions,which depends on the improvement of the system.From this perspective,the difference in the functions of the discretionary non-prosecution and conditional non-prosecution systems actually reflects the expected relationship between the two to some extent,and can provide reference for improving the actual state of the system.On this basis,the future reform of the non-prosecution system should integrate discretionary non-prosecution and conditional non-prosecution under the discretionary non-prosecution system,and set up a tiered scope of application for the two based on functional differences,establish mutually independent advanced application relationships,adopt a hierarchical judgment path,and provide institutional support for the implementation of the nonprosecution governance function.

关 键 词：制度功能 酌定不起诉 附条件不起诉 程序非罪化 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]