新型高效活鱼起捕系统设计与试验  

Design and Test of a New Efficient Fish Catching System

作　　者：陈炜 王思聪 柏君励 沈学锋 张三丰 熊威 CHEN Wei;WANG Sicong;BAI Junli;SHEN Xuefeng;ZHANG Sanfeng;XIONG Wei(Wuchuan Shipbuilding Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430206,China;Wuhan Branch,China Classification Society,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]武昌船舶重工集团有限公司,武汉430206 [2]中国船级社武汉分社,武汉430030

出　　处：《船舶工程》2023年第11期38-42,124,共6页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家工业和信息化部项目(工信部装函【2019】360号)。

摘　　要：针对当前发展迅速的双罐式真空活鱼起捕装置采用的抽吸同步和零压排鱼方式会在一定程度上制约活鱼起捕系统初始吸力和排鱼动力的问题,设计出一套具有预抽真空和加压排鱼功能的双罐式真空起捕系统。对该系统的组成和原理进行阐述,并给出真空罐和真空泵等主要设备相关参数的计算方法,形成完整的系统设计流程。在此基础上研制活鱼起捕样机,并对其进行鱼水比、真空度、吸程和临界压力试验,验证该设计的合理性,获取系统运行的最佳参数。试验结果表明:当鱼水比约为1∶1时,系统的起捕效率最高;当罐体内的负压值维持在-65 kPa~0时,鱼体的损伤率相对较小;3 m、4 m、5 m和6 m吸程对应的临界压力分别为-15 kPa、-18 kPa、-22 kPa和-27 kPa;当维持压力为-65 kPa时,该起捕样机能满足吸程3m~6m的工作需求,且鱼损率较小,可认定其为系统工程运用中最佳的真空度设定值。The double-tank vacuum suction device,which has developed rapidly,is superior to the tradition all if ting device in terms of fish suction efficiency and fish loss rate.However,the initial suction and fish discharge power of the system are restricted to a certain extent by the way of suction while pumping and fish discharge at zero pressure.By designing set of double-tank vacuum fish suction system with the functions of pre-vacuum and pressurized fish discharge,expounding the composition and principle of the system,and giving the parameter calculation methods of the main equipment such as vacuum tank and vacuum pump,forming a complete system design process.On this basis,a prototype offish suction is developed and experiment son fish-water ratio,vacuum,suction distance and critical pressure are carried out.The test results show that when the fish-water ratio is about 1∶1,the system has the highest catching efficiency.When then ergative pressure in the tank is maintained at−65 kPa~0,the damage rate of fish body is relatively small.The critical pressure corresponding to different suction lengths of 3 m,4 m,5 m and 6 m is−15 kPa,−18 kPa,−22 kPa and−27 kPa,respectively;When the pressure is maintained at−65 kPa,the working performance of the proto type can fully meet the working requirements of 3 m~6 m suction length,and the fish loss rate is small,which can be recognized as the best vacuum setting value of the system in engineering application.The test results verify the rationality of the design and the optimum operating para meters of the system are studied through experiments,which provides a reference for the actual operation of the system.

关 键 词：活鱼起捕装置 双罐式 鱼水比 真空度 

分 类 号：S975[农业科学—捕捞与储运]