青少年心境障碍患者自杀未遂的影响因素分析  

The influencing factor analysis of attempted suicide in adolescent patients with mood disorders

作　　者：袁晓菲[1,2] 刘梦琪 吴元贞 田音 任艳萍 陈旭[1,2] Yuan Xiaofei;Liu Mengqi;Wu Yuanzhen;Tian Yin;Ren Yanping;Chen Xu(Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders&National Center for Mental Disorders,Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100088,China;Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院,国家精神疾病医学中心,国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心,精神疾病诊断与治疗北京市重点实验室,北京100088 [2]人脑保护高精尖创新中心,首都医科大学,北京100069

出　　处：《首都医科大学学报》2024年第1期81-87,共7页Journal of Capital Medical University

基　　金：首都卫生发展研究专项(2022-2G-2123);高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(学科骨干-01-029)。

摘　　要：目的探讨青少年心境障碍(mood disorder,MD)患者伴有自杀未遂(suicide attempt,SA)的影响因素。方法采取横断面调查方式,招募2022年8月3日至2023年9月25日在首都医科大学附属北京安定医院儿童青少年病房住院的105例青少年MD患者纳入研究,并根据是否存在SA,分为SA组(n=41)和非SA组(n=64)。收集患者的一般人口学资料,采用抑郁症筛查量表(Patient Health Questionnare 9-item Scale,PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑问卷(Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale,GAD-7)、儿童期创伤问卷(Childhood Trauma Questinnaire,CTQ)、Barratt冲动性量表(Barratt Impulsiveness Scale,BIS-11)中文版进行临床症状评估,并采用χ2/t检验对上述因素进行差异性分析,随后对差异有统计学意义的因素采用多因素Logistic回归对SA的相关因素进行分析。结果SA的发生率为39%(41/105),其中女性为42.5%(37/87),男性为22.2%(4/18)。单因素分析结果显示,女性、母亲受教育程度低更容易出现SA(P均<0.05),SA组患者在PHQ-9总分、GAD-7总分、情感忽视及躯体忽视的比例均高于非SA组(P均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,焦虑(OR=1.246,95%CI:1.048~1.480,P=0.013)、母亲受教育程度低(OR=1.522,95%CI:1.040~2.229,P=0.031)是青少年MD患者伴有SA的危险因素。结论青少年MD患者SA发生率较高,伴有焦虑症状和母亲受教育程度低是发生SA的危险因素。Objective To explore the influencing factors of adolescent mood disorder(MD)patients with attempted suicide(SA).Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to recruit 105 adolescent patients with MD admitted to the children and adolescents ward of Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University from August 3,2022 to September 25,2023.They were divided into an SA group(n=41)and a non-SA group(n=64)based on the presence of SA.The general demographic data of the study subjects was collected and the scale was evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item Scale(PHQ-9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale(GAD-7),Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(CTQ),and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS-11).The difference of the above factors of SA was analyzed withχ2/t text,and the relevant factors of SA were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression.Results The incidence of SA is 39%(41/105),with 42.5%(37/87)for females and 22.2%(4/18)for males.The results of univariate analysis showed that compared with the general demographic characteristics of patients in the SA group and non-SA group,women and mothers with lower education levels were more likely to experience SA(P<0.05).The proportion of emotional and physical neglect in the PHQ-9,GAD-7 total score,and CTQ of patients in the SA group was higher than that in the non-SA group,with a statistically significance(P<0.05).The logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety(OR=1.246,95%CI:1.048-1.480,P=0.013)and maternal education(OR=1.522,95%CI:1.040-2.229,P=0.031)were risk factors for SA in adolescent MD patients.Conclusion A higher incidence of SA was observed in adolescent patients with MD,accompanied by anxiety symptoms and low level of maternal education as independent risk factors for SA.

关 键 词：青少年心境障碍 自杀未遂 焦虑症状 母亲受教育程度 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]