可见光和银离子对p型和n型黄铜矿生物浸出的影响机理  

Influencing mechanism of visible light and silver ions on p-and n-type chalcopyrite bioleaching

作　　者：赵春晓 王军[1] 刘洋 廖蕤 杨宝军 邱冠周[1] Chun-xiao ZHAO;Jun WANG;Yang LIU;Rui LIAO;Bao-jun YANG;Guan-zhou QIU(Key Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy,Ministry of Education,School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院生物冶金教育部重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》2024年第2期655-668,共14页中国有色金属学报（英文版）

基　　金：the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2105300);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52274288,51934009,52204303).

摘　　要：研究可见光和银离子(Ag^(+))对嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸出p型和n型黄铜矿(黄铜矿A和黄铜矿B)的不同影响及机理。通过霍尔效应试验、生物浸出试验、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱对黄铜矿的半导体性质、生物浸出行为、表面形貌、主要物相和表面物种进行分析。实验结果表明,黄铜矿A比黄铜矿B具有更高的载流子浓度和更大的载流子迁移率,因此其溶出速率更快。生物浸出24 d后,当光照和Ag^(+)同时存在时,黄铜矿A的铜浸出率为91.05%,比黄铜矿B的铜浸出率(73.19%)高17.86%。显然,可见光和Ag^(+)对黄铜矿A生物溶解过程的促进作用强于黄铜矿B,这主要归因于黄铜矿A具有更高的载流子迁移率。此外,在光照影响下,黄铜矿表面电荷转移加快,导致Ag2S积累增多(特别是黄铜矿A),从而导致钝化层致密结构被破坏,钝化效果降低,黄铜矿溶解加速。Different effects and mechanisms of visible light and silver ions(Ag^(+))on the bioleaching of p-and n-type chalcopyrite(Cpy A and Cpy B,respectively)in the presence of Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans were investigated.The semiconductor characteristics,bioleaching behaviors,surface morphologies,main phases and surface species of chalcopyrite were evaluated by Hall effect test,bioleaching tests,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.According to the results,Cpy A had a higher carrier concentration and greater carrier mobility than Cpy B,resulting in a faster dissolution rate.After 24 d of bioleaching,the copper extraction rate of Cpy A was 91.05%,which was 17.86%higher than that of Cpy B(73.19%)when light illumination and Ag^(+)existed together.Obviously,visible light and Ag^(+)promoted the bio-dissolution process of Cpy A more strongly than Cpy B,which was mainly attributed to the higher carrier mobility in Cpy A.Furthermore,charge transfer occurred more rapidly on the chalcopyrite surface when illuminated,and more Ag2S was accumulated,especially for Cpy A.As a result,the dense structure of the passivation layer was destroyed,reducing the passivation effect and promoting chalcopyrite dissolution.

关 键 词：嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌 霍尔效应 半导体性质 光照 黄铜矿 生物浸出 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]