基于时空理论的团队最优区分管理框架研究  

A study on the team management framework for optimal distinctiveness based on time-space theory

作　　者：陈国权[1] 陈科宇 CHEN Guoquan;CHEN Keyu(School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Labor Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084 [2]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京100070

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2024年第2期35-50,共16页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72172071、71772099);清华大学自主科研计划文科专项项目(2021THZWJC31)。

摘　　要：如何管理团队中的一致性(“同”)和多样性(“异”)是重要的研究问题。最优区分理论提供了一个认识该问题的重要视角,个体既有与特定群体保持相似的“同属”需要,也有表现个人独特一面的“区分”需要。这两种心理需要间有内在张力,能否较好地满足和平衡二者会给个体和团队带来影响。本研究指出,该理论存在一些局限性。研究基于领导和管理的时空理论,结合最优区分和团队管理研究,构建了在团队管理中如何实现和促进最优区分的理论。研究阐述了如何用时空理论理解团队管理,分析了团队中的“同属”和“区分”在空间(维度、层次)和时间(动态)上的表现与特征。研究提出了基于时空理论的团队最优区分管理框架,指出领导者可以在维度、层次上动态地采取不同措施,以实现对看似对立需要的协调统一。研究借助重心隐喻阐述了该理论框架对综合、系统地考虑多要素的强调,建构了最优区分的时空平衡和时空最优解。研究最后讨论了理论贡献、实践意义和未来展望。How to comprehend and manage the conformity(assimilation)and diversity(differentiation)of a team is an important research topic and also a problem to be settled in organizational practice,because it is difficult for the team to not only fully leverage the advantages of overall coordination,but also make good use of positive effects of each member’s unique value.Optimal distinctiveness theory,which highlights understanding and balancing the activation and interaction of team members’two basic psychological needs,provides a valuable perspective for analyzing this question,pointing out that an individual has both needs for assimilation with specific groups and needs for differentiation from others in social environment.Because of the inherent tension between these two types of needs,whether two needs are satisfied and balanced or not will generate motivational influences on the individual and his or her team.We point out,however,that this theory is limited to some extent in analyzing and solving the above problem.First,this theory is deficient in solving the competitive problem between needs and exploring the realization of the optimal balancing path.Second,the existing theory lacks the theoretical development from the perspective of team leaders.Third,this theory assumes that two needs are competing and contradictory,a balance can be achieved only when two needs are satisfied moderately,which is actually a compromise solution according to this study,rather than settling the optimization that maximizes the satisfaction of both needs.In order to solve the above problem,we develop the relevant theoretical building.Based on time-space theory of leadership and management,and integrating optimal distinctiveness theory and team management literature,the current research develops a theoretical framework for the achievement of optimal distinctiveness in team management.We first illustrate the rationality and importance of explaining team management through a time-space theoretical lens,namely team management can be conc

关 键 词：团队管理 最优区分理论 时空理论 同属需要 区分需要 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]