来琼留学生对海南的认知及“海南形象”的建构——基于词汇联想和语料库的研究  

Perception of“Hainan”and the construction of the“Hainan Image”by international students in Hainan:A study based on the free word association test experiment and the corpus

作　　者：孙丹 李军[3] 潘磊 SUN Dan;LI Jun;PAN Lei(School of International Chinese Language and Culture,East China Normal University/National Discourse Ecology Center,Shanghai 200062,China;School of International Education,Hainan Normal University,Haikou,Hainan 571158,China;College of Chinese Language and Culture,Jinan University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510610,China;School of International Education,Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 57000,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学国际汉语文化学院/国家话语生态中心,上海200062 [2]海南师范大学国际教育学院,海南海口571158 [3]暨南大学华文学院,广东广州510610 [4]海南医学院国际教育学院,海南海口570000

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2024年第1期17-25,共9页TCSOL Studies

基　　金：教育部中外语言交流合作中心项目“基于在地国主流媒体的国际中文教育传播能力提升研究”(22YHJD1020);海南省教育厅教改项目“国际汉语课堂教学活动微课资源库建设”(Hnig2022-45);海南省社科联项目“基于留学生语料库的自贸区背景下‘海南形象’构建研究”(HNSK(YB)19-35);海南省社科联项目“海口话代际差异及传承现状研究”(HNSK(YB)19-34)。

摘　　要：海南形象是影响海南走向世界的重要课题。来琼留学生对海南形象有直接、真实的认知,是海南形象在域外的重要讲述者。借助词汇自由联想实验测试其对海南形象的概念认知,辅以来琼留学生语料库中“海南形象”的图景互相印证,可以清楚地看到,海南总体形象非常积极,尤其是“自然形象”“人物关系”,值得注意的是海南“社会生活”吸引留学生关注的同时,也可以看到留学生对海南政策发展知识匮乏,获取本地就业信息渠道狭窄,同时受到“高物价”的困扰。由此,要充分发挥“意见领袖”的重要作用,面向来琼留学生的中文教育要基于国际理解理念开展,推进海南本土汉语教材建设,扩大中文教育规模,鼓励汉语教师积极成为“海南形象代言人”,重视海南故事与知识的讲授,政府应建立有效的公共话语体系,以促进来琼留学生海南形象的建构。The Hainan image is a crucial subject that impacts Hainan's global presence.International students in Hainan have direct and authentic perceptions of the Hainan image which makes them significant narrators of Hainan's image abroad.By conducting free word association experiments to test their conceptual understanding of the Hainan image and complementing the experiments with visual representations in the corpus of international students in Hainan,this study reveals that the overall image of Hainan is highly positive,particularly in terms of its“natural image”and“interpersonal relationships.”However,it is noteworthy that while international students are attracted to Hainan's“social life”,they lack knowledge about Hainan's policy development,have limited access to local job information,and are troubled by the“high cost of living”.Therefore,it is essential to leverage the role of“opinion leaders”and align Chinese language education for international students in Hainan with international understanding concepts.This includes advancing the development of local Chinese language teaching materials,expanding the scale of Chinese language education,encouraging Chinese language teachers to become“Hainan image ambassadors”,emphasizing the teaching of Hainan stories and knowledge,and establishing an effective public discourse system to ensure that international students in Hainan can both understand and articulate Hainan's image,and thus promoting the construction of the Hainan image.

关 键 词：海南形象 来琼留学生 自由联想 语料库 国际中文教育 

分 类 号：H193.3[语言文字—汉语]