鲜食葡萄杂交种子萌发率与亲本及亲本组合的关系分析  

Relationship Analysis of Hybrid Seed Germination Rate of Fresh Grape with Parent and Its Combination

作　　者：谭敏[1] 李晓梅 贺晋瑜[1] 刘政海[1] 董志刚 黄丽萍[1] 荀志丽 王敏[1] 马小河 赵旗峰 TAN Min;LI Xiaomei;HE Jinyu;LIU Zhenghai;DONG Zhigang;HUANG Liping;XUN Zhili;WANG Min;MA Xiaohe;ZHAO Qifeng(Pomology Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学果树研究所,山西太原030031

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2024年第2期1-6,共6页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系国家葡萄产业技术体系(CARS-29-yc-5);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC032)。

摘　　要：【目的】常规杂交育种是葡萄新品种选育的重要方法,通过对15年的鲜食葡萄育种资料进行整理汇总,分析研究不同倍性亲本选择及不同亲本杂交组合配置与杂交种子萌芽率之间的关系,为鲜食葡萄育种实践工作提供参考和借鉴。【方法】以山西农业大学果树研究所2003—2018年间进行常规杂交的45个鲜食葡萄组合为研究对象,对其亲本选择、杂交组合配置和杂交种子萌发率等进行分析。【结果】1)不同倍性亲本选择及不同亲本组合配置,杂交种子萌发率不同。2)以‘瑰宝’作为父本时,杂交种子的萌发率高。3)45个杂交组合中,不同年份、相同父母本杂交种子萌发率不同。4)45个杂交组合中,玫瑰香和红地球是良好的母本材料;瑰宝是良好的父本材料;美人指不是理想的亲本材料。【结论】选择二倍体品种做母本与四倍体品种杂交比用四倍体品种做母本与二倍体品种杂交时更容易获得种子;以四倍体为父母本时,很难得到杂交后代。【Objective】Conventional cross-breeding is an important method for the selection of new grape cultivars.The relationship between different ploidy parents were analyzed by the configuration of different parent hybrid combinations,and the germination rate of hybrid seeds of 15 years on table grape breeding,which provided reference for the practical work of table grape breeding.【Methods】The 45 combinations of table grape were collected between 2003 to 2018,which grown in the breeding vineyards of Pomology Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The selection of parents,hybrid combination configuration and hybrid seed germination rate were analyzed.【Results】1)The germination rate of hybrid seeds was different in different ploidy parents selection and combination disposition.2)The germination rate of hybrid seeds was high when‘GuiBao’was used as the male parent.3)Among the 45 cross combinations,the seed germination rate of different years and the same parents were different.4)Among the 45 cross combinations,Muscat Hamburg and Red Globe were good female materials,Guibao was a good paternal materials,and Meirenzhi was not an ideal parental materials.【Conclusion】It is easier to obtain seeds by crossing diploid cultivars as a female parent than tetraploid cultivars as female parent with diploid cultivars.It is difficult to obtain offspring by crossing tetraploid cultivars as parents.

关 键 词：鲜食葡萄 亲本组合 杂交种子萌发率 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]