低位直肠癌前切除术中预防性造口术式的选择  

Prophylactic Ileostomy in Low Anterior Resection of Rectal Cancer

作　　者：刘怡君 李来元 杨熊飞 LIU Yi-jun;LI Lai-yua;YANG Xiong-fei(The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Department of Anorectology,Gansu Provincial People’s Hospital,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院 [2]甘肃省人民医院肛肠科,兰州730000

出　　处：《实用临床医学（江西）》2024年第1期121-125,共5页Practical Clinical Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省肛肠疾病临床医学研究中心项目(20JR10RA434)。

摘　　要：预防性造口指在低位前切除术后将末端回肠或者横结肠进行临时性造口处理,用于转流粪便以达到减少吻合口漏造成的感染等并发症的发生率的效果。预防性造口术式的选择对降低低位直肠癌术后并发症的发生起到很重要的作用。目前临床中袢式回肠造口已得到广泛应用,在袢式回肠造口中不同支撑方式的选择对患者术后并发症的发生,以及患者术后舒适度、自我护理等有不同的影响,现阶段造口方式主要包括传统的支撑棒袢式回肠造口术、皮桥袢式回肠造口术、改良自闭式回肠造口术、一针法回肠造口术等。文章综述关于目前常用的几种预防性造口术式的研究进展,旨在为临床医生选择预防性造口术式提供参考。Prophylactic ileostomy is a temporary ostomy created either on the terminal ileum or transverse colon after low anterior resection,which is used to divert feces to reduce the incidence of infections caused by anastomotic leakage and other complications.The selection of prophylactic ostomy method plays an important role in reducing the incidence of postoperative complications in low rectal cancer.Loop ileostomy has been widely used in clinical practice,and the choice of different support modalities in loop ileostomy has different effects on the occurrence of postoperative complications,patient comfort and self-care after surgery.At present,the main ostomy methods include traditional support rod loop ileostomy,skin bridge loop ileostomy,modified self-closing ileostomy,one-needle ileostomy and so on.This article summarizes several common prophylactic ostomy methods and might provide clinical reference for choosing a better ostomy method in patients with low rectal cancer.

关 键 词：预防性造口 低位直肠癌前切除术 回肠造口 直肠癌 

分 类 号：R735.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]