农田灌溉设施建设的福利效应:作用机制与实证检验  

The Welfare Effects of Farmland Irrigation Infrastructure Construction:Theoretical Mechanism and Empirical Testing

作　　者：刘景政 穆月英[1] LIU Jing-zheng;MU Yue-ying(College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京市100083

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2024年第3期80-89,共10页China Business and Market

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国粮食生产的水资源时空匹配及优化路径研究”(18ZDA074);国家自然科学基金项目“空间均衡视角下蔬菜跨区域供给、地区结构及供给效应研究”(71773121);现代农业产业技术体系“北京市产业经济与政策创新团队项目”(BAIC11-2023)。

摘　　要：农业农村基础设施是建设农业强国、推进乡村振兴的重要物质基础,以农田灌溉设施为代表的农业生产性基础设施更是农业生产稳定发展、农民收入持续增长的源头保障。从理论和经验两个层面,系统考察推进共同富裕背景下农田灌溉设施建设对农民经济福利的影响。利用2001—2021年我国30个省份的面板数据,采用双向固定效应模型,实证分析农田灌溉设施建设对农民福利的影响效应,检验农田灌溉设施建设增进农民福利的作用机制。研究发现:农田灌溉设施建设规模的扩张和质量的提升均显著促进农民农业收入增长,且该结论在经过一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立,表明农田灌溉设施建设能够有效增进农民福利水平。异质性分析结果显示,相较于西部地区和粮食主产区,农田灌溉设施建设对东中部地区和非粮食主产区农民经济福利的促进作用更加显著,表明农田灌溉设施在资源禀赋充裕、经济发展水平高以及未实施粮食主产区政策的地区更能充分发挥农民福利增进效应。机制分析发现,农田灌溉设施建设水平的提升显著促进农业生产集聚和技术进步,表明农田灌溉设施建设的农民福利增进效应主要通过驱动农业生产地理集聚、推进农业技术进步实现。因此,未来应持续推进农田灌溉设施建设,因地制宜构建高水平、现代化农田灌溉设施体系并完善管护制度,以进一步发挥农田灌溉设施的福利增进效应,更大限度提升农民福利水平。Agricultural and rural infrastructure are important material basis for building agricultural power and promoting rural revitalization.Agricultural productive infrastructure,represented by agricultural irrigation facilities,is the source guarantee for stable development of agricultural production and sustainable growth of farmers'income.The authors theoretically and empirically investigate the impact of farmland irrigation facilities construction on farmers'economic welfare under the background of promoting common prosperity.Furthermore,the authors use the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2001 to 2021 and adopt the two-way fixed effect model to empirically analyze the impact of the construction of farmland irrigation facilities on farmers'welfare,and test the mechanism of the construction of farmland irrigation facilities to improve farmers'welfare.The results indicate that the expansion of scale and improvement of quality in the construction of agricultural irrigation facilities both significantly increase farmers'agricultural income,and this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests,indicating that the construction of farmland irrigation facilities can effectively enhance farmers'welfare.The heterogeneity analysis shows that,compared with the western region and the main grain producing areas,the construction of farmland irrigation facilities has a more significant promoting effect on the economic welfare of farmers in the eastern and central regions and non-main grain producing areas,indicating that agricultural irrigation facilities can better leverage the welfare enhancement effect of farmers in areas with abundant resource endowments,high levels of economic development,and no implementation of policies in major grain producing areas.The mechanism analysis finds that the improvement of the construction level of farmland irrigation facilities significantly promotes agricultural production agglomeration and technological progress,indicating that the welfare enhancement effect of farmla

关 键 词：农田灌溉设施 农民福利 生产集聚 技术进步 

分 类 号：F279.33[经济管理—企业管理]