纳米材料中的界面现象  

Interface Phenomena in Nanomaterials

作　　者：阮文娟[1] 李悦[1] 郭东升[1] Wen-Juan Ruan;Yue Li;Dong-Sheng Guo(College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China.)

机构地区：[1]南开大学化学学院,天津300071

出　　处：《大学化学》2024年第1期80-86,共7页University Chemistry

基　　金：2021年基础学科拔尖学生培养计划2.0研究课题(20211014);天津市首批虚拟教研室试点建设项目(化学类交叉人才培养课程建设虚拟教研室)。

摘　　要：在课程教学中融入科学前沿实例不仅可以阐明所学基本原理的实际意义,还可以为基本原理的灵活应用提供范例,启发学生独立思考能力。界面化学是物理化学课程中的重要学习内容,但由于在常规尺度的多相体系中界面现象并不显著,学生对该部分知识常有忽视。近年来纳米材料已成为国内外研究的热点。纳米材料由于其高界面分子比例而表现出更为显著的界面现象。将界面化学的基本原理应用于纳米材料的研究中,已取得了一系列令人瞩目的成果。本文首先对附加压力、接触角等相关界面现象的基本原理进行梳理,然后分别介绍根据这些基本原理所发展出的分子马达、光控微流控器件、液体门控技术以及超疏水表面四项科技突破。Incorporating cutting-edge scientific examples into course instruction can not only illustrate the practical significance of the fundamental principles,but also provide examples for the flexible application of these principles,inspiring students’independent thinking abilities.Interface chemistry is an important subject in physical chemistry courses,but students often overlook this part of the knowledge due to the lack of significant interface phenomena in conventional-scale multiphase systems.In recent years,nanomaterials have become a hot topic of scientific research.Nanomaterials exhibit more significant interface phenomena due to their high interface-to-volume ratio.Applying the basic principles of interface chemistry to the study of nanomaterials has led to a series of remarkable achievements.This article first reviews the related basic principles of interface phenomena such as Laplace pressure and contact angle,and then introduces four technological breakthroughs:molecular motors,photo-controlled microfluidic devices,liquid gating techniques,and superhydrophobic surfaces,developed based on these principles.

关 键 词：界面现象 分子马达 光控微流控器件 液体门控技术 超疏水表面 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]