辨析基础有机化学教材中的争议问题:乙烷构象稳定性的来源  

A Controversy in the Textbooks of Organic Chemistry: The Origin of the Stability of Ethane Conformations

作　　者：凌皓博 赵佩鈜 俞寿云[1] Haobo Ling;Peihong Zhao;Shouyun Yu(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China.)

机构地区：[1]南京大学化学化工学院,南京210023

出　　处：《大学化学》2024年第1期325-331,共7页University Chemistry

基　　金：基础学科拔尖学生培养计划2.0研究课题。

摘　　要：烷烃的构象及其稳定性是基础有机化学中重要的知识点,其中乙烷的交叉式与重叠式构象是其中最基础的部分。现行的国内外本科基础有机化学教材中关于乙烷的交叉式构象比重叠式构象稳定的原因给出了不同的解释,比较混乱,不易于本科教学。本文调研了文献,梳理出乙烷交叉式构象稳定性来源的不同论点和论据,并指出先前文献分析与计算方法的不足。通过文献调研,我们认为超共轭效应和空间位阻效应两种因素都需要写入教材中。The conformations of alkanes and their stability are important topics in basic organic chemistry.Among them,the staggered and eclipsed conformations of ethane are the most fundamental.Current undergraduate organic chemistry textbooks both domestically and internationally provide different explanations for the stability of the staggered conformation of ethane compared to the eclipsed conformation,leading to confusion and making it difficult for undergraduate teaching.In this study,we conducted a survey of literatures,organized different arguments and evidence for the stability of the staggered conformation of ethane,and pointed out the shortcomings of analysis and calculation methods in previous literatures.Through literature research,we believe that both hyperconjugation and steric hindrance should be included in the textbooks.

关 键 词：乙烷的构象 库仑力 泡利斥力 位阻效应 超共轭效应 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]