去除凋落物和草毡层对寒温带典型森林土壤活性有机碳的短期影响  

Short Term Effects of Litter and Sod Layer Removal on Soil Active Organic Carbon in Typical Forests in Cold Temperate Zone

作　　者：王军[1] 满秀玲[1] Wang Jun;Man Xiuling(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2024年第1期168-177,共10页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发项目“典型森林生态系统碳汇提升经营技术与增汇潜力”(2021YFD2200405)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究去除凋落物和草毡层对寒温带森林土壤活性有机碳的影响,为我国寒温带森林土壤碳循环的研究提供科学参考。[方法]以大兴安岭北部3种典型森林(白桦林、樟子松林和兴安落叶松林)为研究对象,在3种林型中设置对照、去除凋落物、去除草毡层以及去除凋落物和草毡层4种处理,于2021年9月对各处理不同土层(0—10 cm和10—20 cm)土壤进行取样,研究其土壤活性有机碳组分及其影响因子。[结果]在0—10 cm土层,与对照相比,去除凋落物后土壤可溶性有机碳和易氧化有机碳含量在白桦林和樟子松林中无显著变化,而在兴安落叶松林中显著降低了25.49%和39.40%;土壤微生物量碳含量在白桦林和兴安落叶松林中显著降低了19.26%和18.86%,而在樟子松林中无显著变化。去除草毡层后土壤可溶性有机碳和易氧化有机碳含量在白桦林和樟子松林中显著降低了16.08%,60.69%和17.38%,17.33%,而在兴安落叶松林中的变化不显著;土壤微生物量碳含量在3种林型中显著降低了19.47%~42.02%。同时去除凋落物和草毡层后3种林型土壤微生物量碳和易氧化有机碳含量极显著降低了22.03%~27.01%和52.22%~57.01%;土壤可溶性有机碳含量降低了11.25%~22.18%,其中白桦林和樟子松林达显著水平;在10—20 cm土层,不同去除处理对3种林型土壤可溶性有机碳和微生物量碳含量均无显著影响,白桦林和樟子松林土壤易氧化有机碳含量分别在去除草毡层以及同时去除凋落物和草毡层后显著降低,而兴安落叶松林土壤易氧化有机碳含量无明显变化。3种林型土壤活性有机碳各组分与土壤总有机碳、全氮、含水量呈显著正相关,与土壤pH则呈显著负相关。[结论]去除凋落物和草毡层降低了土壤活性有机碳含量,凋落物和草毡层的存在有利于土壤活性有机碳的形成与累积。[Objective]The aims of this study are to explore the effects of litter and sod layer removal on soil active organic carbon in cold temperate forests,and to provide scientific reference for the study of soil carbon cycle in cold temperate forests in China.[Methods]Three typical forests(Betula platyphylla forest,Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica forest and Larix gmelinii forest)in the northern part of the Greater Khingan Mountains were taken as the research objects.Four treatments were set up in the three forest types,including control,litter removal,sod layer removal and both litter and sod layer removal.Soil samples were collected from different soil layers(0—10 cm and 10—20 cm)of each treatment in September 2021 to study the soil active organic carbon components and their influencing factors.[Results]In the 0—10 cm soil layer,compared with the control,there was no significant change in the contents of soil soluble organic carbon and readily oxidizable organic carbon after litter removal in the Betula platyphylla forest and Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica forest,but significantly decreased by 25.49%and 39.40%in the Larix gmelinii forest.Soil microbial biomass carbon in Betula platyphylla forest and Larix gmelinii forest decreased by 19.26%and 18.86%,respectiveley,but varied slightly in Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica forest in litter removal treatment.The contents of soil dissolved organic carbon and readily oxidizable organic carbon decreased significantly by 16.08%,60.69%and 17.38%,17.33%in Betula platyphylla forest and Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica forest,respectively,after removing the sod layer,but there was no significant change in Larix gmelinii forest.Soil microbial biomass carbon contents were significantly reduced by 19.47%~42.02%in the three forest types.The contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and readily oxidizable organic carbon in the three forest types were significantly reduced by 22.03%~27.01%and 52.22%~57.01%,respectiveley,after removing litter and sod layer at the same time.The contents

关 键 词：森林土壤 去除凋落物 去除草毡层 活性有机碳 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]