我国高校创新创业教育政策20年:价值变迁、演进逻辑与展望  

Twenty years of innovation and entrepreneurship education policy in China’s universities: Value changes, evolution logic and prospects

作　　者：徐国英 张泽涛 XU Guoying;ZHANG Zetao(Institute of Higher Education Research,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学高等教育研究院,山东济南250022

出　　处：《创新与创业教育》2024年第1期22-30,共9页Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education

基　　金：山东省重大教研项目“山东省高等学校学科发展战略研究”(D2019S12)。

摘　　要：作为创新型国家建设和高等教育综合改革的一项重要举措,我国高校创新创业教育已走过了20年的发展历程,其政策价值取向变迁主要表现为:从精英到大众,更加注重公平性;从以创业带动就业到以创新引领创业,更加注重创新性;从教育边缘到融入高校人才培养全过程,更加注重融合性;从培养创业能力到实现人的全面发展,更加注重全面性;从教学育人到产学协同育人,更加注重协同性。从演进逻辑来看,创新创业教育政策从短期就业目标逐渐回归创新创业人才培养目标;从注重经济效益到社会效益、政治效益多元并重;从注重外部驱动到内外要素联动。从立德树人根本任务出发,创新创业教育政策应注重“内部创业”,引导学生自我发展;完善创新创业教育评价标准,克服功利化倾向。As an important initiative of innovative country construction and comprehensive reform of higher education,China's university innovation and entrepreneurship education policy has experienced 20 years of development,The historical changes of its policy value orientation are mainly reflected in these aspects,from elite to mass,paying more attention to fairness;from“to entrepreneurship-led employment”to innovation and entrepreneurship education,paying more attention to innovation;from self-contained to integrated into the whole process of talent cultivation in colleges and universities,paying more attention to integration;from cultivating entrepreneurial ability to achieving comprehensive human development,paying more attention to comprehensiveness;from teaching and education to collaborative education of industry-university-research,paying more attention to synergy.From the evolution logic,the innovation and entrepreneurship education policy gradually returns to the goal of cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial talents from the short-term employment goal;from focusing on economic benefits to social and political benefits;from focusing on external drive to linking internal and external factors.Starting from the basic task of establishing morality and cultivating people,innovation and entrepreneurship education policy should focus on“internal entrepreneurship”,guide students’self-development;and improve the evaluation standard of innovation and entrepreneurship education to overcome the tendency of utilitarianism.

关 键 词：创新创业教育政策 价值变迁 演进逻辑 

分 类 号：G647.38[文化科学—高等教育学]