血流限制伴不同强度抗阻热身训练对肌肉激活及下肢肌力影响的差异  

Differences in the Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Combined with Different Intensities of Resistance Warm-Up Training on Muscle Activation and Lower Limb Strength

作　　者：苏艳红[1] 杨孝磊 于海强[2] SU Yanhong;YANG Xiaolei;YU Haiqiang(Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China;Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116044,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学,辽宁大连116029 [2]大连医科大学,辽宁大连116044

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2023年第12期10-17,共8页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金一般项目(L23BTY010);辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(LR2020006)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨血流限制(blood flow restriction,BFR)伴不同强度抗阻热身训练对肌肉激活及下肢等速肌力的影响。方法:采用重复测量的实验设计,12名运动训练专业大学生依次分别以3种抗阻热身训练方法进行训练:高强度抗阻热身训练(HLRT)(3组、每组3次80%1RM深蹲跳练习)、BFR伴随高强度抗阻热身训练(H-BFR)(3组、每组3次BFR伴随80%1RM深蹲跳练习)和BFR伴随低强度抗阻热身训练L-BFR(3组、每组3次BFR伴随30%1RM深蹲跳练习)。使用等速肌力测试仪和表面肌电测试仪对抗阻热身训练前和训练后即刻、3、6、9、12、15 min等速膝关节伸峰值功率以及股外侧肌、股内侧肌和股直肌的均方根振幅(root mean square amplitude,RMS)和中值频率(median frequency,MF)进行测量,每人每种抗阻热身训练测试间隔1周进行。运用双因素重复测量方差分析对测值进行分析。结果:1)股直肌在L-BFR法训练后即刻RMS值显著高于同时刻HLRT法(P<0.01)和H-BFR法(P<0.05),且在训练后3 min肌肉RMS值显著高于HLRT法(P<0.05),且3块肌肉经过3种方法训练后的各个时刻RMS值均存在差异。2)股外侧肌在L-BFR法训练后6、9、12 min的肌肉MF值显著低于HLRT法训练后的6 min(P<0.05)、9 min(P<0.01)和12 min(P<0.01),且激活后即刻的MF值显著低于同时刻H-BFR法(P<0.05);股直肌在L-BFR法训练后即刻、9和12 min的肌肉MF值显著低于同时刻HLRT法(P<0.05),且H-BFR法训练后6 min的肌肉MF值显著低于同时刻HLRT法(P<0.05);且3块肌肉经过3种方法训练后各时刻的MF值均存在差异。3)L-BFR法训练后3、6、9 min相较于训练前膝关节伸峰值功率具有显著差异(P<0.01);L-BFR法训练后6、9 min峰值功率显著大于同时刻HLRT法(P<0.05),且L-BFR法训练后3 min峰值功率显著高于H-BFR法(P<0.05)。结论:3种抗阻热身训练方法均可提高大腿前侧肌肉的激活程度,对股直肌的激活效果最佳。伴随BFR可以提高抗阻训练后肌肉激活程度Objective:To investigate the effects of blood flow restriction(BFR)accompanied by different intensities of resistance warm-up training on muscle activation and lower extremity isometric muscle strength.Methods:Using repeated-measures experimental design,12 undergraduates majoring in athletic training were trained with three kinds of resistance warm-up training methods:the high-intensity resistance warm-up training(HLRT)method(3 sets of 3 repetitions of 80%1RM deep-squat jumping exercises in each set),the BFR accompanied by high-intensity resistance warm-up training(H-BFR)method(3 sets of 3 repetitions of BFR accompanied by 80%1RM deep squat jump exercise)and BFR accompanied by low intensity resistance warm-up training method L-BFR(3 sets of 3 repetitions of each BFR accompanied by 30%1RM deep squat jump exercise).Isometric knee extension peak power,root mean square amplitude(RMS)and median frequency(MF)of the lateral femoral,medial femoral and rectus femoris muscles were collected using an isometric plyometric and surface EMG tester in 12 subjects im‐mediately before and 3,6,9,12,15 min after resistance warm-up training,and the values were analyzed using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA.Results:1)Rectus femoris muscle RMS value with L-BFR method was significantly higher than those of the HLRT method(P<0.01)and the H-BFR method(P<0.05)at the same moment immediately after training,and muscle RMS value was significantly higher than those of the HLRT method(P<0.05)at 3 min after training,and there were differences in RMS values of the three muscles at all moments after training with three training methods.2)The muscle MF values of the lateral femoral muscles were significantly lower at 6,9 and 12 min after training with the L-BFR method than at 6 min(P<0.05),9 min(P<0.01)and 12 min(P<0.01)after training with the HLRT method,and the MF values at the immediate post activation were significantly lower than those of the H-BFR method at the same moment(P<0.05);and the muscle MF of the rectus femoris muscles at the imme

关 键 词：抗阻训练 血流限制 等速肌力 表面肌电 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]