从歌乐师到传承人:在非遗教育传承的被建构中建构  

From a Muso to an Inheritor:Construction in the Constructed Education and Inheritance of Intangible Cultural Heritage

作　　者：李京键 张应华[2] LI Jing-jian;ZHANG Ying-hua(School of Music,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Hunan First Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学音乐学院,上海200444 [2]湖南第一师范学院,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《贵州民族研究》2024年第1期122-128,共7页Guizhou Ethnic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“清代以来湘黔桂边区民族民间戏剧文化交融历程研究”(项目编号:22BMZ060)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：歌乐师与传承人都是被建构的概念。歌乐师是基于民族民间文化的主体建构,他是历史的、主位的,是地方文化精英的表征。在民族民间音乐非遗保护与传承过程中,从歌乐师转换为民间艺人、传承人,其文化属性实际上是一个从主体建构到他者建构的“他者化”过程。当施教者以“歌乐师”的文化属性进入课堂时,他便被现代学校教育观念建构在“文化他者”的想象之中;当施教者以“民间艺人”的文化属性进入课堂时,他便被现代艺术教育观念建构在“他样技艺”的想象之中;当施教者以“传承人”的文化属性进入课堂时,他便被想象为都市与乡村、现代与传统的文化交汇的“意义创生者”。Both a muso and an inheritor are constructed subjects based on national and folk culture while the muso is historical,representing the local cultural elite.In the process of protecting and inheriting the intangible cultural heritage of national and folk music,a muso,who transforms himself to a folk artist and inheritor,is constructed from a subject to an object,actually experiencing a process of “otherness”.If an educator exerts his influence as a muso,he is constructed in the imagination of “cultural others”by the modern school education concept,while as a“folk artist”,he is constructed in the imagination of“skill otherness”,and as an “inheritor”,he is imagined as a“meaning creator”for the intersection of urban and rural,modern and traditional cultures.

关 键 词：非遗教育传承 歌乐师 传承人 文化属性 

分 类 号：J607[艺术—音乐]