朝鲜王朝后期户籍所见“职役”论析  

On Official Service of Household Register in Late Period of Joseon Dynasty

作　　者：朱玫 ZHU Mei

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系,广州510275

出　　处：《北华大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期63-69,152,共8页Journal of Beihua University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：2020年度韩国学中央研究院海外韩国学资助项目“13—17世纪韩中户籍文书的整理与研究”(AKS-2020-R40)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：职役是传统王朝国家征兵调役的依据,与赋役制度有密切联系。朝鲜王朝赋役制度下,职役又称“国役”,包括官职、军役、乡役等从中央到地方的各种役种。户籍大帐通过登记个人职役,设定了个人与国家的关系。职役体系体现了王朝国家对人丁的控制方法,不管是“良人”还是“贱民”,原则上都要载入官修户籍。随着职役征调运作的体系化,朝鲜王朝的人丁管理逐渐出现中央集权化倾向。呈现在官修户籍大帐上的户籍数字反映了国家财政、劳役需求与地方社会内部秩序之间逐渐出现的平衡关系。The official service is the basis of collecting and transferring financial resources in the traditional dynasty,which is closely related to the system of taxation and servitude.Under the taxation system of Joseon Dynasty,the official service is also called“national service”,which includes various kinds of service from the central to the local,such as official service,military service and township service.The household registration accounts set the relationship between the individual and the state by registering the personal service.The official service system reflects the control method of Joseon Dynasty to the people.In principle,no matter the official,common people or slaves,they should be recorded in the official household register.In order to realize the systematization of the operation of the conscription,the centralized management of the people gradually appeared.The household registration figures presented in the official household register reflect the balance between the national finance,labor demand and the internal order of local society.

关 键 词：职役 户籍大帐 身份 朝鲜王朝 

分 类 号：K312.3[历史地理—历史学]