From liver to hormones:The endocrine consequences of cirrhosis  

作　　者：Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio María del Carmen Durand-Vásquez Luciana del Pilar Rafael-Robles Jhean Gabriel Gonzáles-Yovera María Alejandra Quispe-Flores Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga Alejandro Román-González José Paz-Ibarra Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta 

机构地区：[1]Non-communicable Diseases,Endocrinology Research Line,Hospital de Apoyo Chepén,Chepén 13871,Peru [2]Department of Endocrinology,Hospital Víctor Lazarte Echegaray,Trujillo 13006,Peru [3]Department of Endocrinology,Clínica Javier Prado,Lima 15046,Peru [4]Department of Gastroenterology,Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyén,Lima 15018,Peru [5]Department of Endocrinology,Hospital de Emergencias Grau,Lima 15001,Peru [6]Internal Medicine,Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo,Trujillo 13011,Peru [7]Department of Endocrinology,Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación,Medellin 050010,Colombia [8]Internal Medicine,Universidad de Antioquia,Medellín 050010,Colombia [9]School of Medicine,Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos,Lima 15081,Peru [10]Department of Endocrinology,Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins,Lima 15072,Peru [11]Carrera de Medicina Humana,Universidad Científica del Sur,Lima 15067,Peru

出　　处：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》2024年第9期1073-1095,共23页世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）

摘　　要：Hepatocrinology explores the intricate relationship between liver function and the endocrine system.Chronic liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis can cause endocrine disorders due to toxin accumulation and protein synthesis disruption.Despite its importance,assessing endocrine issues in cirrhotic patients is frequently neglected.This article provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment of endocrine disturbances in liver cirrhosis.The review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline,EMBASE,and Scielo databases,encompassing 172 articles.Liver cirrhosis is associated with endocrine disturbances,including diabetes,hypoglycemia,sarcopenia,thyroid dysfunction,hypogonadotropic hypogonadism,bone disease,adrenal insufficiency,growth hormone dysfunction,and secondary hyperaldosteronism.The optimal tools for diagnosing diabetes and detecting hypoglycemia are the oral glucose tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring system,respectively.Sarcopenia can be assessed through imaging and functional tests,while other endocrine disorders are evaluated using hormonal assays and imaging studies.Treatment options include metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs,sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors,and insulin,which are effective and safe for diabetes control.Established standards are followed for managing hypoglycemia,and hormone replacement therapy is often necessary for other endocrine dysfunctions.Liver transplantation can address some of these problems.

关 键 词：Diabetes mellitus HYPOGLYCEMIA Thyroid diseases HYPOGONADISM Metabolic bone diseases Liver cirrhosis 

分 类 号：R575.2[医药卫生—消化系统]