社区老年人生命质量评价及影响因素分析  

Evaluation of quality of life of the elderly and its influencing factors

作　　者：杨小芝[1] 郭嘉林[1] 孙静[1] 张蕾[1] YANG Xiaozhi;GUO Jialin;SUN Jing;ZHANG Lei(Department of Vocational School Medicine,Luohe Medical University,Henan Province Research Center of Nutrition and Health Engineering,Luohe 462002,China.)

机构地区：[1]漯河医学高等专科学校医疗系河南省营养与健康工程研究中心,462002

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2024年第1期83-87,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

基　　金：2020年度河南省高等职业学校青年骨干教师培养计划(编号:2020GGJS116);漯河医学高等专科创新创业能力提升工程(编号:2021LYZKJXM006)。

摘　　要：目的探讨健康老龄化背景下漯河市部分社区老年人的生命质量现状及影响因素,为相关部门制定提升老年人健康相关生命质量及健康管理决策提供科学依据。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法,随机抽取漯河市郾城区、源汇区、召陵区部分社区常住老年人(年龄≥60岁),以问卷调查的方式,应用EQ-5D量表测量老年人生命质量,运用SPSS统计分析软件进行统计描述及统计分析。结果漯河市老年人依据我国的TTO计算出EQ-5D健康效用值为(0.834±0.204),EQ-VAS评分为(82.20±19.15)分,在行动能力、自我照顾、日常活动、疼痛或不适、焦虑或抑郁5个维度中有极度困难的比例依次为5.65%、6.04%、6.04%、6.04%、6.43%,有些困难的比例依次为23.2%、12.28%、17.55%、26.12%、15.21%,存在问题比例较高的维度主要为疼痛或不适(32.16%)。经济状况、居住方式、健康状况、慢性病史、健康管理、吸烟史与EQ-5D健康效用值存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论漯河市老年人健康相关生命质量相对较好,影响老年人健康相关生命质量的因素依次为健康管理、有无慢性病、老年人居住情况及基本人口学特征。Objective To explore the status quo and influencing factors of the quality of life of the elderly in some communities of Luohe city under the background of healthy aging,and to provide scientific basis for relevant departments to make health related quality of life and health management decisions for the elderly.Methods A simple random sampling method was used to randomly select the elderly(aged 60 years)in Yancheng District,Yuanhui District and Zhaoling District of Luohe City.The life quality of the elderly was measured by questionnaire survey with EQ-5D scale,and SPSS statistical analysis software was used for statistical description and analysis.Results According to the TTO calculation in China,the EQ-5D utility value of older people in Luohe City is(0.834±0.204),with an EQ-VAS score of(82.20±19.15).The proportion of extreme difficulties in the five dimensions of ability to act,self-care,daily activities,pain or discomfort and anxiety or depression is 5.65%,6.04%,6.04%,6.04%and 6.43%.The proportion of some difficulties is 23.2%,12.28%,17.55%,26.12%and 15.21%.The dimensions with a high proportion of problems are mainly pain or discomfort(32.16%).There is a correlation between economic status,lifestyle,health status,chronic medical history,health management,smoking history and EQ-5D health benefit value(P<0.05).Conclusion The health-related quality of life of the elderly in Luohe City is relatively good.The statistical analysis results of factors affecting health-related quality of life of the elderly show that the influencing factors are health management,chronic disease,living conditions of the elderly and basic demographic characteristics.

关 键 词：生命质量评价 老年人 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]