老年性聋患者认知功能对言语识别能力的影响研究  

The Effect of Cognitive Function on Speech Recognition in Presbycusis

作　　者：任燕 汪婷 周嵌 李海峰 黄治物[1] REN Yan;WANG Ting;ZHOU Qian;LI Hai-feng;HUANG Zhi-wu

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科/上海市耳鼻疾病转化医学重点实验室/上海交通大学医学院耳科学研究所/上海市儿童听力障碍诊治中心,上海200011 [2]上海中医药大学康复医学院,上海201203

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2024年第2期172-176,共5页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金项目(20ZR1431200)。

摘　　要：目的通过评估老年性聋患者的认知功能和言语识别能力,分析认知功能对言语识别能力的影响,为完善老年性聋的康复干预方案提供依据。方法选取106例确诊为老年性聋的患者,使用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)评估受试者的认知功能,并对其听觉言语功能进行测试。根据量表分数把所有受试者分为认知正常组和认知障碍组各53例,比较两组间言语识别功能的差异,分析认知功能对其言语识别能力的影响。结果(1)两组MoCA得分在视空间与执行能力、注意、语言、抽象、延迟回忆、定向力等认知域存在显著差异(P<0.05);(2)认知正常组的最大言语识别率显著高于认知障碍组(P<0.05);(3)所有受试者MoCA得分与最大言语识别率呈正相关(r=0.269,P<0.05);(4)不同听力损失组之间的最大言语识别率存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论认知功能会对老年性聋患者的言语识别能力产生影响,随着认知功能的降低,言语识别能力也变弱。Objective To evaluate the cognitive function and speech recognition of presbycusis,analyze the influence of cognitive function on speech recognition,and provide the possibility for increasing the intervention and rehabilitation program of presbycusis.Methods 106 subjects with presbycusis were selected,and their cognitive functions were measured by Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA),and their auditory and speech function was tested.According to the score of the scale,all subjects were divided into normal cognitive group and cognitive impairment group,with 53 cases in each group.The differences of speech recognition functions between the two groups were observed,and the influence of cognitive function on speech recognition was analyzed.Results(1)There were significant differences in visual space,executive ability,attention,language,abstraction,delayed recall and orientation between normal cognitive group and cognitive impairment group(P<0.05).(2)The maximum speech recognition rate in the normal cognitive group was significantly higher than that in the cognitive impairment group(P<0.05).(3)The score of MoCA scale was positively correlated with the maximum speech recognition rate(r=0.269,P<0.05).(4)There was significant difference in speech recognition rate between different groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Cognitive function will affect speech recognition of presbycusis of presbycusis.With the decrease of cognitive function,speech recognition becomes weaker.

关 键 词：老年性聋 认知功能 言语识别能力 

分 类 号：G762[文化科学—特殊教育学]