真空断路器弹簧操动机构的优化  

Optimization of Spring Operating Mechanism for Vacuum Circuit Breaker

作　　者：于宁 曾建斌 游一民 施政前 王永鑫 YU Ning;ZENG Jianbin;YOU Yimin;SHI Zhengqian;WANG Yongxin(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Xiamen University of Technology,Fujian Xiamen 361024,China;Xingji Electric Appliance Co.,Ltd.,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门理工学院电气工程与自动化学院,福建厦门361024 [2]兴机电器有限公司,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《高压电器》2024年第3期25-31,共7页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2020J01282)。

摘　　要：真空断路器触头弹簧压力增大会导致断路器无法可靠合闸,四连杆结构在一定程度上会影响机构的出力特性和机械效益,进而影响断路器合闸的可靠与稳定。文中分析了真空断路器的动作原理,建立弹簧操动机构的数学模型;对机构中的凸轮轮廓、传动拐臂的角度和尺寸、连板与合闸滚子的尺寸参数进行优化,建立弹簧操动机构的仿真模型。动力学仿真表明,优化后的触头弹簧压力增大了58%(从1 700 N提升到2 686 N),仍能保证断路器操动机构可靠合闸。试验结果显示,触头弹簧压力为2 500 N时断路器触头能够可靠吸合,平均合闸速度降至0.68 m/s,弹跳时间缩短了18.4%,整体优化后的方案满足设计要求并具有良好的可靠性与稳定性。The increase of spring pressure of contact of vacuum circuit breaker will cause the circuit breaker not to close reliably.The four-bar structure will,to a certain extent,affect the output characteristics and mechanical bene-fits of the mechanism,and thus affect both reliability and stability of circuit breaker in closing operation.In this pa-per,the operation principle of vacuum circuit breaker is analyzed and the mathematical model of the spring opera-tion mechanism is set up.The cam profile,angle and size of transmission lever,dimension parameters of connecting plate and closing roller in the mechanism are optimized,and the simulation model of spring operating mechanism is set up.The dynamic simulation shows that the pressure of the spring of the contact after optimization is increased by 58%(increase from 1700 N to 2686 N),which can still assure the reliable closing of the operating mechanism of the circuit breaker.The test results show that when the contact spring pressure is 2500 N,the contact of the circuit breaker can engage reliably,the average closing speed is reduced to 0.68 m/s,and the bouncing time is shortened by 18.4%.The overall scheme after optimization meets the design requirements and has good reliability and stability.

关 键 词：真空断路器 弹簧操动机构 优化设计 ADAMS仿真 合闸行程曲线 

分 类 号：TM561.2[电气工程—电器]