论学位评定委员会与学位论文答辩委员会的职权分配  

A Probe into the Distribution of Power Between the Academic Degree Evaluation Committee and the Thesis Defense Committee

作　　者：沈阳 王琦 SHEN Yang;WANG Qi(School of Law,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210046,Jiangsu,China;School of Law,Guangzhou College of Commerce,Guangzhou 511363,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,江苏南京210046 [2]广州商学院法学院,广东广州511363

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2023年第6期39-46,共8页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：湖南省“十四五”教育科学研究重点课题“我国教育法法典化的模式选择与规范配置研究”(XJK22ZDJD07)。

摘　　要：学位评定委员会是作出学位授予终局决定的主体,学位论文答辩委员会是评价学位申请人专业能力的主体,二者的职权由于存在交叉而引发分配困境。学位评定委员会的属性不明,产生了职权不当扩张的风险;答辩委员会的决议效力缺乏保障,存在职权受到架空的可能;学位评定分委员会的定位模糊,引发了存废之争。未来《学位法》应明确:学位评定委员会的法律属性为综合性学位管理机构,兼具行政管理职能与学术权力,对学位申请人是否符合学位授予条件作出综合性评定;答辩委员会的法律属性为论文评阅机构,负责对学位论文质量展开专业判断;学位评定分委员会的法律属性为学位资格的预先审查机构。并且,学位评定委员会和答辩委员会之间应是平行关系,后者的决议是前者作出学位授予决定的基础,前者应对后者作出的建议性决议予以尊让,仅对申请人的学术能力作形式审查。当二者决议产生冲突时,应设立切实有效的争议解决机制,维护申请人的合法权益。The academic degree evaluation committee is the main body to make the final decision on degree awarding,while the thesis defense committee is the main body to evaluate the professional ability of the degree applicant.The attribute of academic degree evaluation committee is unclear,which leads to the risk of improper expansion of function and power.The validity of the resolution of thesis defense committee is not guaranteed,which leads to a possibility that the function and power of thesis defense committee are suspended.The ambiguity of the position of academic degree evaluation sub-committee has led to the dispute over preservation and abolition.The future Degree Law should clarify the following issues:the legal attribute of academic degree evaluation committee is a comprehensive degree management organization,which has both administrative function and academic power,and makes a comprehensive assessment of whether the degree applicant meets the conditions for degree awarding;the legal attribute of thesis defense committee is the thesis evaluation institution,which is responsible for making professional judgment on the quality of the dissertation;the legal attribute of academic degree evaluation sub-committee is the pre-examination institution of academic degree qualification.In addition,there should be a parallel relationship between the academic degree evaluation committee and the thesis defense committee,in which the latter's decision is the basis for the former to make the degree awarding decision,while the former should defer to the latter's recommended decision by only conducting a formal review of the applicant's academic ability.When there is a conflict between the two resolutions,a practical and effective dispute resolution mechanism should be established to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the applicant.

关 键 词：学位评定委员会 答辩委员会 学位评定分委员会 职权分配 《学位条例》 《学位法》 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学] D922.16[文化科学—教育学]