数学概率问题解决学习中的测试效应及有效促进  

Test Effect in Mathematical Probability Problem Solving Learning and Effective Promotion

作　　者：刘岩 张宏飞 卢鑫 曲可佳 LIU Yan;ZHANG Hongfei;LU Xin;QU Kejia(School of Psychology,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理学院,大连116029

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2024年第2期215-223,共9页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目(WJ2020008);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(15YJC190017)。

摘　　要：研究通过3个实验,探讨了材料复杂度对数学概率问题解决中测试效应的影响,并在此基础上,进一步考察提取方式对学习者运用提取练习策略解决复杂概率问题的作用效果。结果发现:(1)相比于重学,通过提取练习策略学习简单数学概率问题时的后测成绩更佳,出现测试效应。在学习复杂数学概率问题时,通过提取练习和重学的后测成绩差异不显著,未出现测试效应;(2)相比于重学和自由回忆提取练习,通过线索提取学习复杂数学概率问题的后测成绩更高;(3)相比于重学和无反馈的自由回忆提取练习,通过加入反馈的自由回忆提取练习学习复杂数学概率问题的后测成绩更好。该结果表明,材料难度影响学习者运用提取练习策略学习问题解决任务的效果,并且线索提取练习方式和提供反馈的自由回忆提取练习方式均能有效促进学生学习复杂概率问题解决任务的效果。Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of material complexity on the test effect in mathematical probability problem solving,and on this basis,to further examine the effect of retrieval methods on learners'use of retrieval practice strategies to solve complex probability problems.The results were as fllows:(1)Compared with restudy,the post-test results were better when learning simple mathematical probability prob-lems through the retrieval practice strategy,and there was a test effect.When learning complex mathematical prob-ability problems,there was no significant difference on post-test scores between the retrieval practice and restudy,and there was no testing effect;(2)Compared with restudy and initial free recall retrieval practice,learning com-plex mathematical probability problems through cued retrieval is more effective.The post-test scores were higher;(3)Compared with restudy and no-feedback free recall retrieval practice,the post-test results of learning complex mathematical probability problems through the free-recall retrieval practices with feedback were better.The study implied that,complexity of materials affects the learning effect of learners using retrieval practice strategies to solve problem-solving tasks,and both cued retrieval practice and free-recall retrieval practice with feedback can effective-ly enhance students'learning of complex probability problem-solving task.

关 键 词：测试效应 问题解决任务 材料复杂度 提取练习方式 反馈 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]