仿壁虎微黏附阵列负压流场数值模拟及试验研究  

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on Micro Negative Pressure Flow Field of Gecko-inspired Adhesive Arrays

作　　者：邱海飞[1] 张嘉友 李成创 武振阳 王超辉 许昊 QIU Haifei;ZHANG Jiayou;LI Chengchuang;WU Zhenyang;WANG Chaohui;XU Hao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xijing University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710123,China)

机构地区：[1]西京学院机械工程学院,陕西西安710123

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2024年第2期78-88,共11页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：陕西省大学生创新训练项目(S202312715011);西京学院横向课题(2019610002001915)。

摘　　要：针对壁虎独特的攀爬及多地形适应能力,利用负压操控方式对其生物学黏附阵列进行模拟。在真空度分析和吸附力计算基础上,将标准k-ε两方程湍流模型应用于吸盘负压流场数值模拟。构建基于ICEM CFD和FLUENT的非结构性单相稳态流体计算域,采用SIMPLE算法对其进行压力-速度耦合求解与分析,结果表明:负压流场存在明显湍流特征;出口管道区的动压(0.154 MPa)和流速(503 m/s)远大于内腔流域,且出口面中心流速约为入口面的4.8倍,有助于气流抽真空及负压形成。有限元静力学分析显示,吸盘底面边缘区域存在局部应力集中(>180 MPa),应适当增加其壁厚。通过仿生样机性能测试,验证了负压吸附机制及其实现方法的可行性,试验结果达到负压流场模拟预期,为壁虎黏附阵列仿生研究及其实践应用提供了支持。Aiming at the unique climbing and multi terrain adaptability of gecko,the biological adhesion array of the animal was simulated by means of negative pressure control.On the basis of vacuum pressure analysis and adsorption force calculation,the two equation turbulence model in standard k-8 form was applied to the numerical simulation of negative pressure inside the suction cup.A non-structural fluid calculation domain with single-phase and steady-state was constructed by ICEM CFD and FLUENT software,and pressure-velocity coupling solving and analysis of the flow field was carried out through SIMPLE algorithm.It is found that there is obvious turbulent in the flow field,the dynamic pressure(0.154 MPa)and flow velocity(503 m/s)in outlet pipeline are much larger than those in inner field,and the central velocity in the outlet area is about 4.8 times of that in the inlet area,which is helpful to the air flow vacuumization and formation of the negative pressure.The results of finite element static analysis show that there is local stress concentration(>180 MPa)at bottom edge of the wall on suction cup,and the thickness of this area should be increase appropriately.The feasibility of adsorption mechanism with negative pressure and its realization method is verified by performance test of bionic prototype,and the experimental results of adsorption and mobile meet the expectation of flow field simulation.The study provides valuable support for bionic research and practical application of gecko adhesion array.

关 键 词：仿生 负压吸附 壁虎 黏附性能 真空度 流场 黏附阵列 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] Q811[生物学—生物工程]