轻罪治理背景下酌定不起诉的扩张适用  

Expanded Application of Discretionary Non-prosecution under the Background of Misdemeanor Governance

作　　者：杨开湘[1] 刘一帆 YANG Kai-xiang;LIU Yi-fan(Law School,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学法学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第2期96-100,共5页Journal of Qiqihar University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：近二十年的司法实践表明,我国犯罪结构已发生显著变化,轻罪案件占比大幅上升,轻罪治理模式成为刑事法治和社会治理的未来走向。基于慎诉的刑事司法政策而一定程度地扩大酌定不起诉的适用,能够有效发挥不起诉制度的审前分流功能,符合我国轻罪治理的情势需要和中国式刑事司法现代化的发展方向。在制度基础已具备的前提下,我国应通过适度扩展并规范起诉裁量范围与标准,以满足慎诉目的下的合理需求;通过与认罪认罚从宽制度的深度融合、加强刑罚替代措施的有效适用、完善权力监督审查机制,增强起诉裁量权扩张的正当性、合目的性与可接受性,在中国式刑事司法现代化建设的背景之下,为更新我国酌定不起诉制度提供可替代的优化方案。Judicial practice over the past two decades has shown that the structure of crime inChina has undergone significant changes,with the proportion of misdemeanor cases rising sharply,and the misdemeanor governance model becoming the future direction of the rule of law in criminal matters and social governance.Expanding the application of discretionary non-prosecution to a certain ex-tent based on the criminal justice policy of prudent prosecution can effectively bring into play the pretrial diversion function of the non-prosecution system,which is in line with the needs of the situation of misdemeanour governance in China and the direction of the de-velopment of Chinese-style modernization of criminal justice.On the premise that the institutional foundation is already in place,China should appropriately expand and standardize the scope and criteria of prosecutorial discretion to meet the reasonable needs for the pur-pose of prudent prosecution;enhance the legitimacy,purposefulness and acceptability of the expansion of prosecutorial discretion through the in-depth integration with the system of leniency in pleading guilty and accepting punishment,strengthening the effective application of penal substitution measures,and perfecting the mechanism of supervision and review of power,so as to enhance the legit-imacy,purposefulness and acceptability of the expansion of prosecutorial discretion in the context of the modernization of Chinese-style criminal justice.In the context of the modernization of criminal justice in China,an alternative and optimized solution will be provided for updating China's discretionary non-prosecution system.

关 键 词：轻罪治理 酌定不起诉 起诉裁量权 刑事司法现代化 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]